C.W. Shelmerdine Introduction to Greek 2 nd edition (Newburyport, MA: Focus, 2008)

1. C.W. ShelmerdineIntroduction to Greek 2nd edition(Newburyport, MA: Focus, 2008) Chapter 23

2. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 • Athematic (-μι) verbs • Athematic (-μι) verbs, first principal part • Athematic (-μι) verbs, third principal part • Further comparison of adjectives in -ιων,-ιστος • Declension of comparatives -ιων

3. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 • Athematic (-μι) verbs • Athematic (-μι) verbs, first principal part • Athematic (-μι) verbs, third principal part • Further comparison of adjectives in -ιων,-ιστος • Declension of comparatives -ιων

4. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 • Athematic (-μι) verbs • Almost all verbs in Greek are “thematic” verbs, because they have a thematic vowel (the ο/εbefore the endings). They are also known as –ω verbs, since their first principal part ends in –ω. • A small number of Greek verbs are “athematic” because they have no thematic vowel. These are known as –μι verbs, since their first principal part ends in –μι.

5. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 • Athematic (-μι) verbs • These verbs display slightly different endings and sometimes feature small changes to their stems at unusual times. • This system of endings also lies behind the forms of the aorist passive system.

6. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 • Athematic (-μι) verbs • Although there are very few –μι verbs, some are very common. • You first learned the most common –μι verb, εἰμί. • In Chapter 14, you learned another –μι verb, φημί“say.”

7. ACTIVE singular -μι -ς -σι plural -μεν -τε -ασι MIDDLE/PASSIVE singular -μαι -σαι -ται plural -μεθα -σθε -νται Shelmerdine Chapter 23 forω forει forουσι present tense (with differences from thematic verbs noted)

8. ACTIVE singular -ν -ς - plural -μεν -τε -σαν PASSIVE singular -μην -σο -το plural -μεθα -σθε -ντο Shelmerdine Chapter 23 forον imperfect tense (with differences from thematic verbs noted)

9. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 • Athematic (-μι) verbs • Athematic (-μι) verbs, first principal part • Athematic (-μι) verbs, third principal part • Further comparison of adjectives in -ιων,-ιστος • Declension of comparatives -ιων

10. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 –μι verbs • This section shows the forms of four common –μι verbs. • Their principal parts are (with stems highlighted): • δείκνυμι, δείξω, ἔδειξα, δέδειχα, δέδειγμαι, ἐδείχθην show • τίθημι, θήσω, ἔθηκα, τέθηκα, -τέθεμαι, ἐτέθην put • ἵστημι, στήσω, ἔστασα/ἔστην, ἕστηκα, ἕσταμαι, ἐστάθην stand • δίδωμι, δώσω, ἔδωκα, δέδωκα, δέδομαι, ἐδόθηνgive

11. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 –μι verbs • This section shows the present and imperfect indicative, from the first principal part. • δείκνυμι, δείξω, ἔδειξα, δέδειχα, δέδειγμαι, ἐδείχθην show • τίθημι, θήσω, ἔθηκα, τέθηκα, -τέθεμαι, ἐτέθην put • ἵστημι, στήσω, ἔστασα/ἔστην, ἕστηκα, ἕσταμαι, ἐστάθην stand • δίδωμι, δώσω, ἔδωκα, δέδωκα, δέδομαι, ἐδόθηνgive

12. ACTIVE singular δείκνυμι δείκνυς δείκνυσι plural δείκνυμεν δείκνυτε δεικνύασι MIDDLE/PASSIVE singular δείκνυμαι δείκνυσαι δείκνυται plural δεικνύμεθα δείκνυσθε δείκνυνται Shelmerdine Chapter 23 present tense stem = δεικνυ

13. ACTIVE singular τίθημι τίθης τίθησι plural τίθεμεν τίθετε τιθέασι MIDDLE/PASSIVE singular τίθεμαι τίθεσαι τίθεται plural τιθέμεθα τίθεσθε τίθενται Shelmerdine Chapter 23 η forε present tense stem = τιθε

14. ACTIVE singular ἵστημι ἵστης ἵστησι plural ἵσταμεν ἵστατε ἱστᾶσι MIDDLE/PASSIVE singular ἵσταμαι ἵστασαι ἵσταται plural ἱστάμεθα ἵστασθε ἵστανται Shelmerdine Chapter 23 η forα present tense stem = ἵστα

15. ACTIVE singular δίδωμι δίδως δίδωσι plural δίδομεν δίδοτε διδόασι MIDDLE/PASSIVE singular δίδομαι δίδοσαι δίδοται plural διδόμεθα δίδοσθε δίδονται Shelmerdine Chapter 23 ω for ο present tense stem = διδο

16. ACTIVE singular ἐδείκνυν ἐδείκνυς ἐδείκνυ plural ἐδείκνυμεν ἐδείκνυτε ἐδείκνυσαν PASSIVE singular ἐδεικνύμην ἐδείκνυσο ἐδείκνυτο plural ἐδεικνύμεθα ἐδείκνυσθε ἐδείκνυντο Shelmerdine Chapter 23 imperfect tense stem = δεικνυ

17. ACTIVE singular ἐτίθην ἐτίθης ἐτίθη plural ἐτίθεμεν ἐτίθετε ἐτίθεσαν PASSIVE singular ἐτιθέμην ἐτίθεσο ἐτίθετο plural ἐτιθέμεθα ἐτίθεσθε ἐτίθεντο Shelmerdine Chapter 23 η for ε imperfect tense stem = τιθε

18. ACTIVE singular ἵστην ἵστης ἵστη plural ἵσταμεν ἵστατε ἵστασαν PASSIVE singular ἱστάμην ἵστασο ἵστατο plural ἱστάμεθα ἵστασθε ἵσταντο Shelmerdine Chapter 23 η forα imperfect tense stem = ἵστα

19. ACTIVE singular ἐδίδουν ἐδίδους ἐδίδου plural ἐδίδομεν ἐδίδοτε ἐδίδοσαν PASSIVE singular ἐδιδόμην ἐδίδοσο ἐδίδοτο plural ἐδιδόμεθα ἐδίδοσθε ἐδίδοντο Shelmerdine Chapter 23 ου for ο imperfect tense stem = διδο

20. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 • Athematic (-μι) verbs • Athematic (-μι) verbs, first principal part • Athematic (-μι) verbs, third principal part • Further comparison of adjectives in -ιων,-ιστος • Declension of comparatives -ιων

21. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 –μι verbs • This section shows the aorist indicative, from the third principal part. • τίθημι, θήσω, ἔθηκα, τέθηκα, -τέθεμαι, ἐτέθην put • ἵστημι, στήσω, ἔστην, ἕστηκα, ἕσταμαι, ἐστάθην stand • δίδωμι, δώσω, ἔδωκα, δέδωκα, δέδομαι, ἐδόθηνgive • The aorist of δείκνυμι (ἔδειξα) and the 1st (weak) aorist of ἵστημι(ἔστασα) are both regular, so they are not shown separately.

22. ACTIVE singular ἔθηκα ἔθηκας ἔθηκε plural ἔθεμεν ἔθετε ἔθεσαν MIDDLE singular ἐθέμην ἔθεσο ἔθετο plural ἐθέμεθα ἔθεσθε ἔθεντο Shelmerdine Chapter 23 ηκ for ε aorist tense stem = θε

23. ACTIVE singular ἔστην ἔστης ἔστη plural ἔστημεν ἔστητε ἔστησαν MIDDLE None. This tense is intransitive. Transitive active and middle forms belong to the (regular) 1st (weak) aorist ἔστησα. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 aorist tense: stem = στη Notice that these forms resemble the regular aorist passive.

24. ACTIVE singular ἔδωκα ἔδωκας ἔδωκε plural ἔδομεν ἔδοτε ἔδοσαν MIDDLE singular ἐδόμην (ἔδοσο) ἔδου ἔδοτο plural ἐδόμεθα ἔδοσθε ἔδοντο Shelmerdine Chapter 23 ωκ for ο aorist tense stem = δο

25. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 –μι verbs • Ιn the infinitive mood, –μιverbs use the ending –ναι in the active (as do the perfect active and aorist passive) and the regular –σθαι in the middle.

26. ACTIVE present -ναι aorist -ναι MIDDLE present -σθαι aorist -σθαι Shelmerdine Chapter 23 infinitives

27. ACTIVE present δεικνύναι aorist regular 1st (weak) MIDDLE present δεικνύσθαι aorist regular 1st (weak) Shelmerdine Chapter 23 infinitives

28. ACTIVE present τιθέναι aorist θεῖναι MIDDLE present τιθέσθαι aorist θέσθαι Shelmerdine Chapter 23 infinitives

29. ACTIVE present ἱστάναι aorist στῆναι MIDDLE present ἱστάσθαι aorist --- Shelmerdine Chapter 23 infinitives

30. ACTIVE present διδόναι aorist δοῦναι MIDDLE present διδόσθαι aorist δόσθαι Shelmerdine Chapter 23 infinitives

31. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 –μι verbs • Ιn the participle mood, –μιverbs resemble the 1st (weak) aorist. • In the active, the forms are analogous to πᾶςπᾶσαπᾶν. • The middle participles all use the regular -μενος -η -ον.

32. ACTIVE present δεικνύς δεικνῦσα δεικνύν aorist regular 1st (weak) MIDDLE present δεικνύμενος -η -ον aorist regular 1st (weak) Shelmerdine Chapter 23 Participles

33. ACTIVE present τιθείς τιθεῖσα τιθέν aorist θείς θεῖσα θέν MIDDLE present τιθέμενος -η -ον aorist θέμενος -η -ον Shelmerdine Chapter 23 Participles The active forms are like the regular aorist passive (Chapter 22.3).

34. ACTIVE present ἱστάς ἱστᾶσα ἱστάν aorist στάς στᾶσα στάν MIDDLE present ἱστάμενος -η -ον aorist --- Shelmerdine Chapter 23 Participles The active forms resemble πᾶςπᾶσαπᾶν.

35. ACTIVE present διδούς διδοῦσα διδόν aorist δούς δοῦσα δόν MIDDLE present διδόμενος -η -ον aorist δόμενος -η -ον Shelmerdine Chapter 23 Participles

36. Shelmerdine Chapter 23 –μι verbs • Ιn the imperative mood, –μιverbs are mostly regular. • In the present active, the 2nd person singular ending –ε contracts (δείκνυ, τίθει, ἵστη, δίδου). • In the aorist active, the 2nd person singular forms areθές, στῆθι, and δός.