Seventeenth-Century Britain and Ireland

Seventeenth-Century Britain and Ireland

British History “The seventeenth century was, historically, and is, historiographically, a mess …” Jenny Wormald (2008)

Master narratives • Whig history • Divine right v. representative government • The puritan revolution • A conflict over the legacy of the Reformation • Marxist history • Feudalism/absolutism v. a rising capitalist class

Revisionism • Political ideology • General acceptance of royal authority • No “high road to civil war” • Unreasonable demands of parliament • Stability of England under “Eleven Years Tyranny” • Religion • Arminian innovation rather than puritan crusade • Class • Collapse of academic Marxism • Eclipse of class-based interpretations

What are we left with? • Return to focus on individual monarchs But why, then, did things get better?

“British History” Central problem of managing a composite state: • The quest for a uniform religious policy • Scottish revolt against Charles I • Who was to suppress the Irish rising of 1641? • James II and Irish Catholicism

Seventeenth-Century Ireland • Plantation • Religion and identity • Conflict

Plantation • Formal plantation and unplanned settlement • Antrim and Down • Londonderry • Continuing British settlement to c.1710 • The Irish and the plantation • 20% of land • Suvival as tenants • Economic marginalization • Ulster and beyond • New agricultural techniques • But continued reliance on stock rearing • Munster: wool, iron • Better communications, more developed urban network

Conflict Conflicting perspectives Normalisation • Violence in European context • Erosion of ethnic differences • Examples of mutual accommodation • Periods of peace and economic growth An Age of Atrocity • Martial law continued after 1603 • Massacre and atrocity 1641-52 • Post-war terror and social cleansing

Religion and identity (1): Protestantism • Church of Ireland • The end of the native Reformation • Calvinist theology • Dissent • Initial accommodation of Scots • Emergence of a Presbyterian church structure • Southern dissent • Conflict within Protestantism • Wentworth and Laudian policy • Post-1660 repression • Temporary Protestant unity 1685-91 • Sacramental test (1704) • Catholicism • Revival and Tridentine reform 1603-40 • The dilemma of the Old English

A war of many parts 1641-52 • A war of the three kingdoms • The Catholic revolt • Begun by benficiaries of Ulster plantation • A response to the rise of English parliament • Unleashed forces in Ulster leaders could not control • Arrival of emigres under Owen Roe O’Neill • Conflicted loyalties • Confederate Catholics • Loyalty to king or church • An ethnic dimension • But primarily a division between haves and have-nots • English Protestant royalists v. parliamentarians • Scots revolt against parliament 1649

Seventeenth-Century Britain and Ireland

Seventeenth-Century Britain and Ireland

Presentation Transcript

ENGLAND’S COLONIAL EXPERIMENTS: THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY

Opera in the Late Seventeenth Century

Seventeenth-Century British Literature

The Late Seventeenth Century

GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND

The Early Seventeenth Century

American Life in the Seventeenth Century

Seventeenth Century History by Dana Blohm

Seventeenth Century Propaganda

The Early Seventeenth Century

Seventeenth-Century England

Colonial Life in the Seventeenth Century

History of mathematics – the seventeenth century

Great Britain and Ireland

SMOKING BAN IN BRITAIN and IRELAND

DIVISION FIVE THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY

Seventeenth Century Anglo-American Poetry

Unit 22 Britain and Ireland

American Life in the Seventeenth Century

Seventeenth-Century American Literature

The Seventeenth Century

The Seventeenth Century