Communism in China China’s Reform and Reaction

1. Communism in ChinaChina’s Reform and Reaction Young Keezy and Jay Daddy Ice

2. Communists Vs. Nationalists • Civil war raging in China between Nationalists and Communists. • Political Opponents temporarily united to fight Japanese during invasion of 1937

3. Mao Zedong • Communist Leader in China • Communists had a stronghold in NW China. From there they mobilized for guerrilla warfare against Japan in the NE

4. Jiang Jieshi • Nationalist Leader in China • Dominated SW China • Instead of spending money from U.S. on war with Japanese, the Nationalist army hid in the mountains. • Saved up for continuation of war against the Communists.

5. Civil War Resumes • After Japan surrendered, Civil war resumed (1946-1949) • Many Nationalists joined the communists due to the economy. • Chinese cities fall to communism. • Remains of Jiang’s army fell to the south. • In October of 1949, Mao Zedong gained control of China

6. The two Chinas affect the Cold War • The communist Chinese sided with soviets • Formed alliance and agreed to give each other military and financial aid if needed • U.S. gave aid to recently formed nationalist Republic of China

7. The Communists Transform China • 4.5 million members made up 1% • of China’s overall population • 10% of rural population controlled 70% of farmland • Agrarian Law- Mao seized land from land lords • Killed over a million landlords and divided land among peasants.

8. The Cultural Revolution • Lead by the Red Guards • Militia formed by high school and college students • Goal was to establish communist society of peasants and workers • Red Guards shut down schools and targeted anyone who resisted • Chaos threatened the economy but shutting down farms and Factories • In 1968, Mao ordered his army to shut down the Red Gaurds.

9. China: reform and Reaction(35.5)

10. Do to the lack of modern technology Chinese efforts to increase agriculture and industrial output fell behind • Some communists talked about modernizing the economy but it never happened • In the 1970’2 china entered a period under the rule of Zhou Enlai who tried to restrain radicals during the Cultural Revolution Legacy of Mao

11. Ping pongers from America visited China in 1971 • This visit began a new era for Chinese/ American relations • President Nixon then visited with Mao and Zhou and established diplomatic relations. China Opens its Doors

12. Both Mao and Zhou died in 1976 • Shortly afterward, the communist party modernized • In 1980, Deng Xiaoping took power and supported modernizing of China • Set goals for modernizations known as the four modernizations • Called for progress in agriculture, industry, defense, and science • Deng’s economic policies made striking changes in Chinese life and uh reformed the economy. Economic Reform

13. As living standards improved, the gap between the rich and poor widened • The Chinese people learned more about democracy and began to question china’s lack of political freedom. • In 1989 more than 10,000 students occupied the Tiananmen Square in protest for democracy. • 1989 thousands of heavily armed soldiers attacked protestors • Killed hundreds and wounded thousands Tiananmen Square

14. Deng died in 1997, Jiang Zemin takes over • Repression of democracy continued • Hey what’s up? • Jaing zemin paid a visit to the U.S. and americans protested for more democracy in China. • Policies did not change. • Hong Kong: British colony until 1997 The New Millennium

15. The End Meow