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The Reformation: Martin Luther's Impact and Legacy

Explore the historical significance of Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation, the problems with unpapal power, doctrines, and interpretation, as well as Luther's journey of change and his lasting legacy.

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The Reformation: Martin Luther's Impact and Legacy

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  1. Reformation 201631 October 1517499 years!

  2. Martin Luther(1483-1546) Martin Luther King, Jr.(1929-1968)

  3. Why Study History? • Christian Culture: • Edification: “For whatever was written in earlier times was written for our instruction, so that through perseverance and the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope” Romans 15:4. • His Glory!

  4. The Problem: • Leo I, “the great” 390 – 461 AD • Gregory I, “the great”: 540 – 604 AD ---------- • Gregory VII: 1020-1085 AD • Innocent III: 1161–1216 AD • Leo X: 1475-1521 AD

  5. The Problem: • Leo I, “the great” 390 – 461 AD • Gregory I, “the great”: 540 – 604 AD ---------- • Gregory VII: 1020-1085 AD • Innocent III: 1161–1216 AD • Leo X: 1475-1521 AD

  6. Unbiblical papal power - EcclesiologyDictatuspapae (1075) • The pope is the universal bishop placed over all other churchmen. • No council can sit in judgment upon a pope, nor does it have any authority w/out papal approval. • When the pope speaks ex cathedra he cannot err. • No book is authoritative until is has official approval of the pope.

  7. Unbiblical papal doctrine - Soteriology • Through baptism, the original sin of the child is washed away. • In Confirmation, the child is made a member of the church and takes full responsibility for his life and actions and must perform good works. • ---------- others . . . • At the close of life, it was essential for the last vestiges of sin to be washed away by Extreme Unction.

  8. Unbiblical papal interpretation - Bibliology 4 Senses of Scripture • Literal: the literal meaning. • Tropological: the moral application. • Spiritual: the allegorical sense. • Anagogical: the futuristic import. Origen (185-254AD)

  9. Europe Ripe for ChangeRenaissance 14th – 17th C. • Economic: Middle Class • Travel: Columbus 1492 AD • Technology: Gutenberg 1439 AD • History: Constantinople 1453 AD • Politics Rise of nations

  10. Martin LutherA man of change • 1483 Birth of Luther, Eisleben • 1501 Matriculation at Erfurt • 1502 Bachelor of Arts • 1505 Master of Arts • 1505 Thunderstorm and vow • 1505 Enters Augustinian Cloister • 1507 First Mass • 1508 Teaches a semester @ Wittenberg • 1509 Return to Erfurt • 1510 Journey to Rome

  11. Martin LutherA man of change • 1511 Transfer to Wittenberg • 1512 Doctor of Theology • 1513 Lectures on the Psalms begin • 1515 Lectures on Romans begin • 1516 Lectures on Galatians begin • 1517 Posting of the 95 Theses

  12. Literal Interpretation! • Psalm 71:1-2: “In You, O Lord, I have taken refuge; let me never be ashamed. In Your righteousness deliver me and rescue me.” • Romans 1:17: “For in it the righteousness of God is revealed from faith to faith; as it is written, ‘but the righteous man shall live by faith’” Justitia “justice” • Romans 2:4: Or do you think lightly of the riches of His kindness and tolerance and patience, not knowing that the kindness of God leads you to repentance? Poenitentia “penitentiary”

  13. Martin LutherA man of change • 1518 Disputation at Heidelberg • 1518 Sylvester Prierias attack Luther • 1518 Interview w/ Cajetan @ Augsburg • 1518 Back at Wittenberg • 1519 Interview w/ Karl von Miltitz • 1519 Debate @ Leipzig w/ Johann Eck • 1520 Exsurge, Domine! • 1521 The Diet of Worms • 1521 Luther at Wartburg • 1521 13 monks leave Augustinian Cloister • 1522 Luther’s New Testament @ Wittenberg

  14. Luther’s Legacy • Recovered the Gospel. • Advanced the German language. • Unified the German people. • Advanced education. • Broke the ‘caste’ mentality in the Church. • Broke the ‘caste’ mentality in society. • Sanctified marriage:

  15. Luther’s Writings • Sermon on Good Works. • Address to the German Nobility. • The Babylonian Captivity of the Church. • Against the Execrable Bull of Antichrist. • On the Freedom of the Christian Man. • On Civil Government. • On the Order of Worship. • To the Councilman . . . Christian schools. • On the Freedom of the Will. • Admonition to Peace. • Against the peasants. • Warning to his beloved Germans.

  16. Luther Quotes “I am afraid that the schools will prove the very gates of hell, unless they diligently labor in explaining the Holy Scriptures and engraving them in the heart of the youth.”

  17. Luther Quotes “The first destroyers of their own children are those who neglect them and knowingly permit them to grow up without the training and admonition of the Lord. Even if they do not harm them by a bad example, they still destroy them by yielding to them. They love them too much according to the flesh and pamper them saying: They are children, they do not understand what they are doing. And they are speaking the truth. But neither does a dog or a horse or a mule understand what it is doing. However, see how they learn to go, to come, to obey, to do and leave undone what they do not understand. ... These parents will, therefore, bear the sins of their children because they make these sins their own.”

  18. Luther Quotes “Nothing can more easily earn hell for a man than the improper training of his own children; and parents can perform no more damaging bit of work than to neglect their offspring, to let them curse, swear, learn indecent words and songs, and permit them to live as they please. Some parents themselves incite their children to such sins by giving them superfluous finery and temporal advancement so that they may but please the world, rise high and become wealthy.”

  19. A Shelter in the Storm • The Lord’s our Rock, in Him we hide,A Shelter in the time of storm;Secure whatever ill betide,A Shelter in the time of storm. • Oh, Jesus is a Rock in a weary land,A weary land, a weary land;Oh, Jesus is a Rock in a weary land,A Shelter in the time of storm. • A shade by day, defense by night,A Shelter in the time of storm;No fears alarm, no foes afright,A Shelter in the time of storm.

  20. my Jesus, I Love You My Jesus, I love Thee, I know Thou art mine;For Thee all the follies of sin I resign.My gracious Redeemer, my Savior art Thou;If ever I loved Thee, my Jesus, ’tis now. I love thee because thou hast first loved meand purchased my pardon on Calvary's tree;I love thee for wearing the thorns on thy brow;if ever I loved thee, my Jesus, 'tis now. I’ll love Thee in life, I will love Thee in death,And praise Thee as long as Thou lendest me breath;And say when the death dew lies cold on my brow,If ever I loved Thee, my Jesus, ’tis now.

  21. Soli Deo Gloria!!!

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