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PSY 369: Psycholinguistics

PSY 369: Psycholinguistics. Language Comprehension: Methods for sentence comprehension. Other Relevant Findings?. Bias towards “ well-formed ” stimuli Misidentify words with uncommon spelling patterns BOUT as BOAT misidentify nonwords (e.g., SALID) as words that are like it (SALAD).

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PSY 369: Psycholinguistics

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  1. PSY 369: Psycholinguistics Language Comprehension: Methods for sentence comprehension

  2. Other Relevant Findings? • Bias towards “well-formed” stimuli • Misidentify words with uncommon spelling patterns • BOUT as BOAT • misidentify nonwords (e.g., SALID) as words that are like it (SALAD). • Difficulty identifying nonwords with irregular spelling patterns (e.g., ITPR) more than those with regular spelling patterns (e.g., PIRT).

  3. Sublexical units • Sublexical units bigger than phonemes and graphemes? • onsets and rimes • onset: initial consonant or consonant cluster in a word or syllable • rime: following vowel and consonants • if words broken at onset-rime boundary, resulting letter clusters more easily recognized as belonging together than if broken at other points • example: FL OST ANK TR vs. FLA ST NK TRO

  4. Adding a bigram level By adding a frequency-sensitive bigram level, we can account for the findings of well-formedness along with the others.

  5. Summing up • Word recognition is based on a feature-detector system • Biased to perceive common or recently occurring features

  6. Studying Word Identification • Generally people ask: what makes word identification easy or difficult? • The assumption: • Time spent identifying a word can be a measure of difficulty • Measures of identification time are usually indirect

  7. Some Identification Time Measures • Measure how long people take to say a string of letters is (or is not) a word (lexical decision) • Measure how long people take to categorise a word (“apple” is a fruit) • Measure how long people take to start saying a word (naming or pronunciation time) • Measure how long people actually spend looking at a word when READING • Line by line reading • Word by word reading • using eye movement monitoring techniques

  8. Line-by-line A banker is a fellow

  9. Line-by-line who lends you his umbrella

  10. Line-by-line when the sun is shining

  11. Line-by-line but wants it back

  12. Line-by-line the minute it begins to rain.

  13. Line-by-line • Problem: • Overall reading time for entire sentence or phrase • need for more “on-line” measurements • Timing on a smaller scope • See effects at level of word

  14. Word-by-word • RSVP (rapid serial visual presentation)

  15. Word-by-word A

  16. Word-by-word lie

  17. Word-by-word can

  18. Word-by-word travel

  19. Word-by-word halfway

  20. Word-by-word around

  21. Word-by-word the

  22. Word-by-word world

  23. Word-by-word while

  24. Word-by-word the

  25. Word-by-word truth

  26. Word-by-word is

  27. Word-by-word putting

  28. Word-by-word on

  29. Word-by-word its

  30. Word-by-word shoes.

  31. Word-by-word • Moving window

  32. Word-by-word I xxxx xxxxx xxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx.

  33. Word-by-word x have xxxx xxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx.

  34. Word-by-word x xxxx never xxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx.

  35. Word-by-word x xxxx xxxxx let xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx.

  36. Word-by-word x xxxx xxxxx xxx my xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx.

  37. Word-by-word x xxxx xxxxx xxx xx schooling xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx.

  38. Word-by-word x xxxx xxxxx xxx xx xxxxxxxxx interfere xxxx xx xxxxxxxxx.

  39. Word-by-word x xxxx xxxxx xxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx with xx xxxxxxxxx.

  40. Word-by-word x xxxx xxxxx xxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx my xxxxxxxxx.

  41. Word-by-word x xxxx xxxxx xxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xx education.

  42. Word-by-word • A couple of methods • RSVP (rapid serial visual presentation) • Moving window • Better, more “on-line” • But, these measures are also a little bit unnatural (especially RSVP) • e.g., Don’t allow regressions (looking back)

  43. Eye-movements Clothes make the man. Naked people have little or no influence on society.

  44. Eye-movements Clothes make the man. Naked people have little or no influence on society.

  45. Eye-movements Clothes make the man. Naked people have little or no influence on society.

  46. Eye-movements Clothes make the man. Naked people have little or no influence on society.

  47. Eye-movements Clothes make the man. Naked people have little or no influence on society.

  48. Eye-movements Clothes make the man. Naked people have little or no influence on society.

  49. Eye-movements Clothes make the man. Naked people have little or no influence on society.

  50. Eye-movements Clothes make the man. Naked people have little or no influence on society.

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