Cristina Lincaru Dep. Demography, Prognosis, Strategies and Labour Market

1. The Current and Future Problems of the Innovation Policy, as a Result of the Dialogue between Stakeholders - INNO-DIARO- DIMETIC PhD course16 October 2007 (2), Maastricht Cristina Lincaru Dep. Demography, Prognosis, Strategies and Labour Market National Institute for Science Research in The Field of Labour and Social Protection- NISRFLSP Romania

2. Arguments and premises [1] • As it is well-known, the strategic context established in Lisbon envisages the objective that Europe will become the most competitive and dynamic economy in the world, based on knowledge, in 2010. • As time has gone by (we are now in 2007), it has become more obvious that the deadline for the assessment is not accompanied by the achievement of the quantifiable targets formulated for this objective by the majority of the EU Member States and especially by the new members countries (Romania and Bulgaria). • The distance between the results obtained and the targets illustrates the need to improve the mechanisms for the implementation and completion of the Lisbon strategy, on the one hand, as well as the need to formulate realistic and precise targets and objectives that can be achieved. • With a view to sustainable development and the transition to the knowledge society, the core of assessing the results of the human activity cannot be judged one-dimensionally, but systemically • Presence of the knowledge economy is also to be found in the highly diverse and complex shaping of „knowledge management” – • the engineering approach, • the human resources-centred approach, • the consensus-centred approach, • the mathematical complexity, • the social complexity.

3. Arguments and premises [2] • The understanding and anticipation of the changes in society and economy, in the European context characterised: • by multiculturalism and a wide ethnical diversity, • in light of the new technologies, scientific progress • new socio-economic and demographic changes • have led to an approach in the preoccupations to crystallize a European Knowledge Management (KM)/ Knowledge Management Made in Europe (KMME). • Within the KMME, we have chosen through the INNOV-DIARO project the knowledge management from the social complexity perspective component, as the method that ensures the transformation of the collaborative potential in a competitive advantage.

4. European Research Area Strategic visions of innovation mechanism Objective for innovation policies InnovationPolicies Region stakeholders Originally by R. Edward Freeman (1984), stakeholder theory representatives of the public authority, political groups environment, local community, citizens, public at large experts, of high education institutions, of R&D institutions, centers of innovation, center of technological transfer/diffusion representatives of companies (including SMEs),trade associations,competitors representatives of employee, other labour market structures

5. stakeholdes theory • Freeman, R.E. 1984, Strategic Management: A stakeholder approach. Boston: Pitman. • Friedman, A.L. & Miles, S. 2002 Developing Stakeholder Theory. Journal of Management Studies, v 39, n 1, pp 1-21. • * Mitchell, R.K., Agle, B.R., & Wood, D.J. 1997. Toward a Theory of Stakeholder Identification and Salience: Defining the Principle of Who and What Really Counts. Academy of Management Review, v 22, n 4, pp 853-886. • Phillips, R. 2003, "Stakeholder Theory and Organizational Ethics". San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler. • Minu Hemmati Minu,Felix Dodds,Jasmin Enayati, and Jan McHarry 2002. Multistakeholder Processes for Governance and Sustainability: Beyond Deadlock and Conflict. London: Earthscan.]

6. Problems/Objectives Mechanism of Dialog (learning and cooperation)between stakeholders at regional level simultaneousOptimisation of innovation policies Economic Environmental Social Main results: • determining the improvement in the performance of regional innovation by means of using the research and innovation activities through user-friendly, realistic and adequate policiesthat are to be formulated on the basis of certain objectives that include and illustrate the current and future problems of the innovation policy, as it is perceived as a result of the dialogue between stakeholders; • accelerating the process of obtaining the value added by means of creating a culture and environment favorable to innovationby stimulating communication and developing learning abilities through the dialogue between stakeholders – main objective of the INNOV-DIARORO project;

7. region will become: • high-tech cluster structure, • [The Cambridge Technopole • is a geographic area of intense high-technology innovation activity encompassing the City of Cambridge at its heart and the sub-regional Greater Cambridge hinterland of approximately 25 miles radius. It sits in the wider region of the East of England, one of the fastest growing regions in the UK. Much of this growth has been fuelled by the dynamism of the Cambridge Technopole area. http://www.ifm.eng.cam.ac.uk/ctm/teg/cambridgetechnopole.html • ] • a knowledge, innovation and flexibility hub, (Thus the region will be the hub of a possible national network, characterized by the multiple interfaces that link it to the knowledge, financial, goods and services flows.) • a success model for the innovation process • Better “decision unit” • Better informed  • Better understood  • Acceptable to experts  • Widely supported  • Smoother and quicker to implement Other results Region will represent the maximization of the unit of use the resources through a non-destructive, renewable use based on knowledge; the minimization of the reaction times, communication unit (appearance, analysis, reaction, reception and feedback) at local, regional, national and transnational level; efficient stakeholders’ representation unit ; efficient stakeholders’ dialogue unit by means of intersecting all the economic, social and environmental interests; stakeholders’ responsible commitment unit;, administrative structural unit that represents the main channel for the implementation of policies.

8. Objectives of the proposed project O1. The identification through the dialogue between regional stakeholders, of a list of values and characteristics that describe the innovation process with a view to creating a regional vision on accelerating the transformation of the European society, and implicitly of the Romanian one, a country which is integrated de facto and soon it will be de iure, in a European economy based on knowledge. O2. Becoming aware of, understanding and assimilating the innovation process in the regional strategies, as a strategic resource and priority through the dialogue between regional stakeholders. The quantification of these processes will be made within the project, by means of identifying and inventorying the objectives in the global regional strategy, expressed in the item. O3. The formulation, from a regional perspective as a result of the dialogue between stakeholders, of the problems regarding the barriers, inertia, obstacles and successes as they are perceived by the stakeholders, which describe the current innovation process. The result will be materialized in classification of problems in order to use them to improve the innovation performance by means of using the research and innovation activity to elaborate user-friendly, realistic and adequate innovation policies. O4.The creation of a culture and environment favourable to innovation by stimulating communication and the development of learning abilities through the dialogue between stakeholders. The long-term effect of the success of the project is to be found in the periodical „dialogue between stakeholders for innovation at regional level”, organized at regional level, as a custom and tradition.

9. O5. The creation of a database at regional level, which will contain the stakeholders’ perspective and perception regarding the innovation policy (current and future aspects), as a memory that allows for the exploration of the innovation policies through the dialogue between stakeholders at regional level. This perspective is achieved by means of combining the national and European research-innovation results with the stakeholders’ experience, in the specific regional context in a dialogue. O6. Focusing and directing a dialogue to the current and future problems of the regional innovation policy in order to achieve a better integration of the innovative aspects in the regional development strategies and at national level and to speed up cooperation at all levels. The result will be represented by a list of criteria and priorities of the current and future problems of the innovation policy at regional level through the dialogue between stakeholders. O7.Shaping the dialogue at regional level as the main instrument in the analysis of the innovation policy, including the common actions and initiatives of innovation, so as to facilitate the connection to the IRE – Innovating Regions of Europe – network. The result will be represented by a methodology for the development of the dialogue between stakeholders at regional level. O8. The development of a mechanism for the dialogue between stakeholders, at regional level, as a centripetal source of a potential strategic vision of innovation, and as a source for the formulation of realistic objectives for the innovation policy (for various time lines), starting from the identification of problems, barriers, inertia, obstacles and successes in the development of a culture and environment favourable to innovation, for the period 2015-2020. The identification of the new problems and challenges regarding innovation, obtained by exploring the perspective of a regional dialogue between stakeholders (local and public authorities, experts, managers, etc.). The result is represented by the shaping of a vision of the barriers, inertia, obstacles and success that will affect innovation in 2020.

10. Learning and cooperation for the development of the innovation policies as well as of the strategic perspectives for 2015-2020 specific to INNOV-DIARO are relevant specific activities for code from different European Programs: INNO-DIARO, aims at developing the capacity to organize and use the dialogue with the selected stakeholders and to use the national and especially regional research activities effort in creating the „European Research Area”. The activities proposed by INNO-DIAR correspond to Block 2 in FP6: Structuring the ERA and contributes to 2.1.Work programme “Research and innovation”. The INNOV-DIARO project corresponds to the objectives formulated in „1.2.2. Encouraging the regional innovative projects and the trans-regional cooperation” within the Work programme “Research and innovation”. „1.2.2.3. The analysis and benchmarking of the innovation policies to support PRO INNO Europe”, Strand 3. INNO-Views. The INNO-DIARO project objective, to identify the new problems and future challenges regarding the exploration made through the regional dialogue between stakeholders (public and local authorities, experts, managers, etc.) corresponds to the INNO-Views strand and represents at the same time an exercise in achieving the INNO-Learning Platform.

11. Most barriers for KM are not related to the user, but result from exaggerating: • -Representation • Shaping • Control

12. In order to use the social capital, to build virtual communities at regional level through the dialogue between stakeholders: • mutual knowledge achieved through sharing and learning • mutual interests and responsibilities • community memory • community stories – about successes and failures

13. Theoretical approach: knowledge management from a social perspective, undergoing a process of development, is less ideological and relativist (as compared to the mathematical, engineer’s one) and the acknowledgement of the importance of the models in the development of the social systems but it also acknowledges their unpredictability. In this approach we combine aspects resulting from the biological (ecology; evolution) and /or the mathematical mechanisms (the chaos theory), based on the social mechanisms (search for legitimacy, mimetic pressure, etc.). The combination of these mechanisms and theories is made through the acknowledgement of the importance of the human factor in shaping the directions and the innovative behaviors. From the social perspective of knowledge management what is emphasized as important is the role of organizations to run experiments, to learn and to adjust continuously, also through the organization strategy. People are part of the system, which represents essentially a social system in which creativity and inspiration are highly valued. If at organizational level the intellectual capital era is already acknowledged, it is forecast that it will expand at social level, becoming the social capital era, which will lead to an increase in its prosperity.

22. Thank you for your attention!