Carl Jung and Archetypes

1. Carl Jung and Archetypes The Great Pretender: The Art of Passing Lina Medaglia-Miller, Ph.D.

2. Carl Jung • Carl Gustav Jung (German: 26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swisspsychiatrist, an influential thinker and the founder of Analytical Psychology.

3. Jung and Religion • Jung is considered the first modern psychiatrist to view the human psyche as "by nature religious" and to make this the focus of his exploration (from Wiki http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Jung )

4. Freud and Religion • Freud believed religion was an expression of underlying psychological neuroses and distress. At various points in his writings, he suggested that religion was an attempt to control the Oedipal complex, a means of giving structure to social groups, wish fulfillment, an infantile delusion, and an attempt to control the outside world.

5. Jung versus Freud It is on this issue—the primacy of religion in considerations of the psyche–and others, that Carl Jung and his mentor Sigmund Freud had fundamental disagreements and an ultimate falling-out.

6. To this day, there is a fierce competition between Freudians and Jungians, based on theoretical disagreements.

8. Dreams • Though not the first to analyze dreams, Jung is one of the best known researchers in the field of dream analysis and symbolization. 

9. Eclectic Studies • While he was a fully involved and practicing clinician, much of his life's work was spent exploring tangential areas, including Eastern and Western philosophy, alchemy, astrology, and sociology, as well as literature and the arts; all of which were extremely productive in regard to the symbols and processes of the human psyche, found in dreams and other entries to the unconscious.

10. Individuation • Jung considered the process of individuation necessary for a person to become whole. This is a psychological process of integrating the opposites including the conscious with the unconscious while still maintaining their relative autonomy. Individuation was the central concept of analytical psychology. See Eric Pettifor’s explanation of Individuation http://www.wynja.com/personality/jungarchf.html

11. Jung’s Model of the Psyche See Jung’s Models of the Psyche http://www.schuelers.com/ChaosPsyche/part_1_17.htm

12. Jung’s Conical Model of the Psyche

13. The Unconscious There are two types of unconscious: • the personal unconscious • the collective unconscious

14. The Personal Unconscious • The personal unconscious contains all the stuff that simply isn't conscious. It contains stuff that can be made conscious by simple act of will, stuff that requires some digging, as well as stuff that may never be recalled to consciousness ever again. (Pettifor) http://www.wynja.com/personality/jungarchf.html

15. The Collective Unconscious • While you participate in it, the collective unconscious isn't your exclusive property—we all share in it. It belongs to the species. When Jung had his doctor hat on… the collective unconscious was something passed on genetically… like an edition of a book of which we each had our own copy. • In more off the record materials such as letters, Jung seemed to possess a more spiritual understanding of something which we are all tapped into somehow… (Pettifor) http://www.wynja.com/personality/jungarchf.html

16. Archetypes • Archetypes are innate universal psychic dispositions that form the foundation from which the basic symbols or representations of unconscious experience emerge. 

17. Archetypes • Archetypes are… functions which give rise to specific motifs, as common in all mythology as in any individual's life. They are often discussed in terms of personifications which appear in dreams, but they can also be seen in themes of stories, mythological or lived. They are very potent as patterns of action.

18. Archetypes = Patterns of Action

19. Archetypes and Individuation • Archetypes articulate our charisma, and can facilitate what Jung called Individuation

20. Archetypes as innate ‘organs’ • Jung treated the archetypes as psychological organs, analogous to physical ones in that both are morphological constructs that arose through evolution.

21. The Five Main Archetypes • The Self, the regulating center of the psyche and facilitator of individuation • The Shadow, the opposite of the ego image, often containing qualities with which the ego does not identify, but which it possesses nonetheless • The Anima, the feminine image in a man's psyche; or: • The Animus, the masculine image in a woman's psyche • The Persona, how we present to the world, is another of 'the subpersonalities, the complexes' and usually protects the Ego from negative images (acts like a mask)

22. The Self • The Self signifies the coherent whole, unified consciousness and unconscious of a person - 'the totality of the psyche'. • Realised as the product of individuation, which in Jungian view is the process of integrating one's personality. • Symbolised by the circle (especially when divided in four quadrants), the square, or the mandala.

23. The Shadow • the Shadow or "shadow aspect" is a part of the unconscious mind consisting of repressed weak- nesses, shortcomings, and instincts.

24. The Shadow • "Everyone carries a Shadow, and the less it is embodied in the individual's conscious life, the blacker and denser it is."  • It may be (in part) one's link to more primitive animal instincts, which are superseded during early childhood by the conscious mind.

25. The Anima • The Anima and Animus are described by Jung as elements of his theory of the collective unconscious, a domain of the unconscious that transcends the personal psyche. In the unconscious of the male, it finds expression as a feminine inner personality: anima

26. The Animus • Equivalently, in the unconscious of the female it is expressed as a masculine  inner personality: Animus.

27. The Persona • The Persona is the social face the individual presented to the world - 'a kind of mask, designed on the one hand to make a definite impression upon others, and on the other to conceal the true nature of the individual'

28. Many Archetypes • Although archetypes can take on innumerable forms, there are a few particularly notable, recurring archetypal images…

29. List of Common Archetypes • The Child • The Hero • The Great Mother • The Wise old man or Sage • The Wise Old Woman/Man • The Trickster or Fox • The Devil or Satan • The Scarecrow • The Mentor • Rebirth

30. More archetypes • There are dozens or even hundreds more archetypes, depending on whom you consult. • For a more comprehensive list of character archetypes, see listology.com: • http://www.listology.com/list/character-archetypes

31. QUIZ: Identify the Archetype • What archetype(s) did Stallone use in his Rambo films? • What archetype(s) are represented by Richard Crenna’s Sam Trautman character?

32. QUIZ: Identify the Archetype • What archetype(s) are represented by Lucy Lawless’ Xena, Warrior Princess ?

33. QUIZ: Identify the Archetype • What archetype(s) are represented by Mother Teresa (26 August 1910 – 5 September 1997) ?

34. QUIZ: Identify the Archetype • What archetype(s) are represented by Samuel L. Jackson’s Mace Windu in Star Wars: Episode 1, The Phantom Menace ?

35. QUIZ: Identify the Archetype • What archetype(s) are represented by Darth Vader in George Lucas’ Star Wars ?

36. QUIZ: Identify the Archetype • What archetype(s) are represented by Martin Luther King Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968)?

37. QUIZ: Identify the Archetype • What archetype(s) are represented by Elijah Wood’s Frodo in Lord of the Rings ?

38. QUIZ: Identify the Archetype • What archetype(s) are represented by Sir Ian McKellen’s Gandalf in Lord of the Rings ?

39. QUIZ: Identify the Archetype • What archetype(s) are represented by Oprah Winfrey?

40. QUIZ: Identify the Archetype • What archetype(s) are represented by Mary Magdalene in the Bible’s synoptic gospels?

41. QUIZ: Identify the Archetype • What archetype(s) are represented by the Dalai Lama?

42. References • Wiki: Archetype http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archetype • Wiki: Jungian Archetypes http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jungian_archetypes • Eric Pettifor, Individuation http://www.wynja.com/personality/jungarchf.html • Jung’s Archetypes http://changingminds.org/explanations/identity/jung_archetypes.htm • Kendra Cherry, Jung’s Archetypes http://changingminds.org/explanations/identity/jung_archetypes.htm • Stefan Stenudd, Jung’s Archetypes http://www.stenudd.com/myth/freudjung/jung-archetypes.htm

43. Quiz