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V. Literature of the Gilded Age (1865 – 1912)

V. Literature of the Gilded Age (1865 – 1912). Mark Twain Life Works Huck Finn. Gilded Age - characteristics. Urbanization Industrialization Immigration. Mark Twain. Transition figure Work published after Civil War Associated with antebellum era. Twain - Life.

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V. Literature of the Gilded Age (1865 – 1912)

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  1. V. Literature of the Gilded Age (1865 – 1912) • Mark Twain Life Works Huck Finn

  2. Gilded Age - characteristics • Urbanization • Industrialization • Immigration

  3. Mark Twain • Transition figure • Work published after Civil War • Associated with antebellum era

  4. Twain - Life • Born in Hannibal, MO (1835) as Samuel Clemens • Worked on Miss. steamboats • Fought in Civil War • Journalist after war in California & Nevada

  5. Twain - Life • Published ”Jumping Frog” in 1869 • Later moved East – full-time writer, lecturer • Nationally famous • Personal troubles lead to ”Great Dark” period in 1890s • Dies in Connecticut (1910)

  6. Twain - life • Humorist • Southwestern humor • Tall tale • Realist • Anti-imperialist

  7. Associated w/ West Associated w/ antebellum era Known as humorist Wrote about simple man Lived mostly in East All works written after Civil War Cynical at end of life Very money-conscious Contradictions

  8. Twain - Works • “Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” (1865) • Innocents Abroad (1869) • The Gilded Age (1873) • Tom Sawyer  (1876) • Huck Finn (1883) • Connecticut Yankee (1889)

  9. Huckleberry Finn "All modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn.If you read it you must stop where the Nigger Jim is stolen from the boys. That is the real end. The rest is just cheating. But it's the best book we've had. All American writing comes from that. There was nothing before. There has been nothing as good since." Ernest Hemingway, Green Hills of Africa, 1935

  10. Huck Finn - Reception • Criticized in 1880s when it first appeared • Banned by Concord Library • Why? • Criticized today for different reason • On list of ”Most Challenged Books” from 1990-2007 by ALA • Why?

  11. ALA list of most challenged books 1990-99 • Scary Stories (Series) by Alvin Schwartz • Daddy’s Roommate by Michael Willhoite • I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou • The Chocolate War by Robert Cormier • The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain • Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck • Harry Potter (Series) by J.K. Rowling • Forever by Judy Blume • Bridge to Terabithia by Katherine Paterson • Alice (Series) by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor • Heather Has Two Mommies by Leslea Newman

  12. ALA list of most challenged books 2000-07 1. Harry Potter, by J.K. Rowling 2. Alice series, by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor 3. The Chocolate War, by Robert Cormier 4. Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck 5. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, by Maya Angelou 6. Scary Stories, by Alvin Schwartz 7. Fallen Angels, by Walter Dean Myers 8. It’s Perfectly Normal, by Robie Harris 9. And Tango Makes Three, by Justin Richardson/Peter Parnell 10. Captain Underpants, by DavPilkey 11. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain

  13. ALA most challenged books - 2015 1) Looking for Alaska, by John Green 2) Fifty Shades of Grey, by E. L. James 3) I Am Jazz, by Jessica Herthel and Jazz Jennings 4) Beyond Magenta: Transgender Teens Speak Out, by Susan Kuklin 5) The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, by Mark Haddon 6) The Holy Bible 7) Fun Home, by Alison Bechdel 8) Habibi, by Craig Thompson 9) Nasreen’s Secret School: A True Story from Afghanistan, by Jeanette Winter 10) Two Boys Kissing, by David Levithan

  14. ALA msot challenged books - 2017 1. Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay Asher 2. The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie 3. Drama by Raina Telgemeier 4. The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini 5. George by Alex Gino 6. Sex is a Funny Wordby Cory Silverberg 7. To Kill a Mockingbirdby Harper Lee 8. The Hate U Give by Angie Thomas 9. And Tango Makes Three by Peter Parnell and Justin Richardson 10. I Am Jazz by Jessica Herthel and Jazz Jennings

  15. Huck Finn “Good gracious! anybody hurt?” “No’m. Killed a nigger.” “Well, it’s lucky; because sometimes people do get hurt.

  16. Huck Finn - innovations • Language • Perspective of common man

  17. Huck Finn – major themes • Search for freedom • Social satire • Development of Huck

  18. Huck Finn Two major problems with novels?

  19. Huckleberry Finn • Logic of fleeing southward. • Tom & Huck freeing Jim at end.

  20. Reactions to ending • Hemingway • Ralph Ellison • Toni Morrison

  21. Bret Harte • Born 1836 in NY • Moved to Calif. 1853 • Lives in SF 1860 • Moves back to NY in 1871 • Moves to Britain 1880 • Dies 1902

  22. Bret Harte • Famous for tales about Gold Rush • Feud with Mark Twain

  23. Charles Chesnutt • Born in North • “Free person of color” • Doctor, author • Explores mixed-race issues • passing

  24. Charles Chestnutt • “The Wife of His Youth” • The Conjure Woman • “The Goophered Grapevine” • Status of mulatto • In white society • In black society

  25. Next Lecture • Realism & Naturalism • Ambrose Bierce • Stephen Crane

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