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Experiment: Protein Synthesis

Experiment: Protein Synthesis. Modelling the structure of DNA and the process of protein synthesis. Equipment. 42 toothpicks 18 milk bottles, cut in half 18 raspberry lollies, cut in half 25 jelly beans, cut in half (5 each of 5 colours) 4 jelly snakes (approx . 6cm in length) Sharp knife

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Experiment: Protein Synthesis

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  1. Experiment: Protein Synthesis Modelling the structure of DNA and the process of protein synthesis

  2. Equipment • 42 toothpicks • 18 milk bottles, cut in half • 18 raspberry lollies, cut in half • 25 jelly beans, cut in half (5 each of 5 colours) • 4 jelly snakes (approx. 6cm in length) • Sharp knife • Cutting board • Gloves • Scissors • Marking pen • A4 white paper • Small coloured piece of paper • Heinemann Biology Text book

  3. Transcription RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA strand splitting it into two. This forms messenger RNA – which Thymine is replaces with Uracil.

  4. The start codon and the end codon determine the length of the mRNA strand. The mRNA strand is modified to remove non-coding regions. Protein coding regions are spliced together

  5. The modified mRNA then moves outside the nucleus into the cytoplasm. An enzyme then attaches amino acids to tRNA– each amino acid is attached to its specific tRNA

  6. Translation The start codon of the end mRNA begins to bind onto a ribosome. A tRNA carrying the amino acid UAC binds to the mRNA start codon within the ribosome. Another tRNA binds to another ribosome, it’s amino acids link with a polypeptide bond to the first amino acid

  7. The first tRNA releases from the ribosome. The ribosome moves down the mRNA strand codon by codon. Two tRNA strands are temporarily bound within the ribosome of their amino acid linked together. A polypeptide chain is formed

  8. When a stop codon is reached the polypeptide chain is released into the cytoplasm. The chain folds on itself and may join other polypeptides to form a protein. It’s shape is important for its particular function.

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