September 26, 2013 Lesson on: Volcanoes Learning: To describe the key features of a volcano.

1. September 26, 2013 Lesson on: Volcanoes Learning: • To describe the key features of a volcano. • To identify the differences in volcanoes. Dwight Sutherland 2012

2. What exactly is a volcano? Word clue. Use these words to help • Cone • Lava • Ash • Ejected Keyword • Volcano: A cone shape mountain or hill through which lava, ash and gas may be ejected. Dwight Sutherland 2012

3. OPTIONAL TASK: Write the meaning of the different features of a volcano. Pyroclastic flow – Gases from the volcano mixed with ash and water vapour that flows down a volcano. Lahars Lahars – A mixture of lava and soil that flows down a volcano. Dwight Sutherland 2012

4. OPTIONAL TASK: Label the diagram below to show the main features of a volcano. Dwight Sutherland 2012

5. A Volcanoes are located in different places. TASK: How are these volcanoes different? Use the images to help you explain. Sea B Example: Some volcanoes are located on land. When they erupt they make mountains higher. Other volcanoes are at sea. When they erupt they form islands. Dwight Sutherland 2012

6. Volcanoes form at different plate boundaries. They form at destructive and constructive boundary)TASK: How are volcanoes formed differently? Use the diagrams below to explain. Destructive Plate boundary Constructive Plate Boundary Dwight Sutherland 2012

7. Volcanic cone is the shape of the volcano hill. Volcanic cones are different. TASK: How are volcanic cones below different? Use the diagrams below to explain. Shield Composite Dwight Sutherland 2012

8. Volcanoes pass through different life stages. TASK: How are volcano life stages different? Use sources below to explain. • A volcano that has not erupted in a long time and will never erupt again. It’s dead. It’s magma chamber is empty. It looks more like a mountain with plants and animals than a volcano. Dormant Active • A volcano that has not erupted in the last 2000 years. It has a large magma chamber. It’s sleeping. Extinct • A volcano that erupted in recent times. A young volcano with a growing magma chamber. Dwight Sutherland 2012

9. Volcanoes eject different lava.TASK: How are lavas different below? Use the images below to explain. Viscous (sticky) lava Runny lava Dwight Sutherland 2012

10. Not all volcanoes have big explosions. Volcanic eruptions are different.TASK: How are volcanic eruptions different? Use the facts below to explain. Volcanic explosivity Index (VEI): The measurement of how explosive a volcano eruption is. • 0 No explosion • 1 Low explosion • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 High explosion Dwight Sutherland 2012

11. Recap TASK: Finish the statements below. Volcanoes are different by: • Their magma type (the material that they are made of). Example viscous (sticky) versus runny (liquid) lava. • Their location. Example some are on land others are in the sea. • Their f… • Their l… s… • Their v… c… • Their e…index Dwight Sutherland 2012

12. Recap TASK: Finish the statements below. Volcanoes are different by: • Their magma type (the material that they are made of). Example viscous (sticky) versus runny lava. • Their location. Example some are on land others are in the sea. • Their formation. Example constructive versus destructive boundaries. • Their life stage. Example active, dormant and extinct. • Their volcanic cones. Example shield versus composite. • Their eruption index. Dwight Sutherland 2012

13. More challenging Recap TASK: Finish the statements below. Volcanoes are different by: • Their magma type (the material that they are made of). Example viscous (sticky) versus runny lava. • Their location. Example some are on land others are in the sea. • Their formation • Their life stage • Their volcanic cones • Their eruption Dwight Sutherland 2012