1 / 16

Dementia: Alzheimer’s Disease

Dementia: Alzheimer’s Disease. Cyril Evbuomwan Patient Group Meeting 1 st December 2015. Dementia: Definition. Clinical condition complex, progressive and irreversible Characterized by deterioration in Intellectual function Behaviour Personality

gail
Download Presentation

Dementia: Alzheimer’s Disease

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Dementia: Alzheimer’s Disease Cyril Evbuomwan Patient Group Meeting 1stDecember 2015

  2. Dementia: Definition • Clinical condition complex, progressive and irreversible Characterized by deterioration in • Intellectual function • Behaviour • Personality • Presence of NORMAL level of consciousness and perception

  3. Dementia: Types/Causes • Alzheimer’s Disease(AD)Most common 60% • Vascular Dementia(VaD) • Dementia with Lewy Bodies(DLB) • Mixed type-has feature of any 2 of above

  4. Dementia: Alzheimer’s Disease • Most common type of Dementia. • Gradual loss of memory • Affects approximately 496,000 in UK • 5.4% of population over 65yrs

  5. Dementia: Alzheimer’s Risk Factors • Ageing • Caucasian • Family History • Gender: Females(67%) > Males(55%) • Genetic • Head injury • Vascular Disease • Alcohol- Wine appears to be protective!

  6. Alzheimer’s Disease: Diagnosis • Guideline by NICE • Dementia Screening, tests and referral • Probable AD:- • Established dementia • Insidious onset over months to years. • Progressive worsening of memory &cognitive function • Onset 40-90yrs • Absence of other systemic or Brain disease

  7. Alzheimer’s Disease: Diagnosis • Possible Alzheimer’s Disease • Dementia • Atypical onset or Presentation • Mild cognitive impairment due to AD • Pre-dementia stage of Alzheimer’s disease • Concern about change in cognitive function • Impairment in one or more cognitive domain • Preservation of independence in functional abilities

  8. Alzheimer’s Disease: Presentation(1) • Insidious-progressive over 7-10yrs • Early stage symptoms • Memory Lapses: forgetting names of people/places • Difficulty finding words for things • Inability to remember recent events • Forgetting appointments

  9. Alzheimer’s Disease: Presentation(2) • As Disease Progresses • Difficulty with language • Apraxia-difficulty with planning to use muscle • Difficulty with planning and decision making • Confusion

  10. Alzheimer’s Disease: Presentation(3) • Late Stages • Wandering, disorientation • Apathy • Psychiatric symptoms: Hallucination, depression and delusion

  11. AD: What else can it be? • Other Dementia-stroke, vascular problem • Normal ageing • Brain disorder hydrocephalus • Parkinson Disease • Hypothyroidism • Medication:Diazepam • Vit B12 deficiency • Psychiatric Depression/Schizophrenia • Acute confusional state • Infection: AID, Syphilis

  12. Alzheimer’s Disease: Management(1) • Non Pharmacological • Patient centered care plan • Nutritional support/CBT • Memory assessment and referral • Support for carers- registration vaccination • Valid consent for assessment and treatment • Advanced directive, Power of lasting attorney • Use of Advocates, Voluntary services, A society

  13. Alzheimer’s Disease: Management(2) • Pharmacological Management • Few drugs approved for mild to moderate AD • Donepezil, Galantamine and Rivastigmine • Memantine- second line drug • Treatment only to continue for as long as there is improvement or delay in symptoms • Regular review

  14. Alzheimer’s Disease: Prognosis • Progressive illness. Need for care plan • Disease course varies individually:4-20yrs • In mild case symptoms may improve or delayed with treatment • Common cause of death- infections: chest/urine • Palliative and End of life care: Nutritional support, Decision on resuscitation, Advance directive, Power of Attorney

  15. AD: What can we do to reduce risks? • Nothing • Age • Gender-females • Genetics • Learning disability • Yes(modifying risks) • Alcohol/smoking • Obesity • Hypertension/cholesterol • Head injury • Education/mental stimulation

  16. Dementia: CEMC Programme • Screening group at risk-Chronic Disease patients • Investigations blood and MRI, Referral • Provision of care plans • Regular reviews • Support for carers: Registration, vaccinations • Provision of information: Community support services, Advocates, Voluntary groups

More Related