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Classifications, States, and Properties of Matter

Classifications, States, and Properties of Matter. Sydney Stump. Classifications of Matter. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It could be anything ranging from an airplane to a strand of hair. Pure Substances. Element : The simplest type of pure substance. It is

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Classifications, States, and Properties of Matter

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  1. Classifications, States, and Properties of Matter Sydney Stump

  2. Classifications of Matter Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It could be anything ranging from an airplane to a strand of hair

  3. Pure Substances Element: The simplest type of pure substance. It is made up of only one type of material. An example of this is silver which is composed of only silver atoms. Compound: A compound is made up of two or more elements that are chemically combined with equal proportions. Compounds are held together bonds, which form small groups of atoms known as molecules.

  4. Pure Substances Mixture: A mixture is two or more different substances that have been physically but not chemically combined. The proportions of the components in a mixture vary, unlike those in compounds. An example of this is steel which is iron, nickel, carbon, and chromium.

  5. Types of Mixtures Homogeneous Mixture (Solution): In a homogeneous mixture all components of the mixture are uniform. An example of this is seawater. Heterogeneous Mixture: In a heterogeneous mixture some components of the mixture are visible and are not uniform. An example of this is a cookie with chocolate chips.

  6. Classifying Substances • Carbon • Alcohol • Common Salt • Air • Chicken Noodle Soup

  7. States and Properties of Matter There are three states in which matter exists solids, liquids, and gases. Solid: Has definitive shape and volume. Particles within a solid are so rigid that they only vibrate in their fixed position. Liquid: Has a definitive volume but not shape. When moved liquid will maintain its volume but not structure

  8. States and Properties of Matter Gases: No definitive shape or volume. Particles within gases are far apart and hold little attraction to one another, allowing gas to change volume and shape

  9. Physical Properties of Matter Physical Properties: Characteristics that can be observed and measured without affecting the identity of the substance. Examples of physical properties are shape, melting point, and color. Physical Change: When the appearance of matter changes but the composition stays the same. An example is water, which can change between a gas, liquid, or solid.

  10. Chemical Properties of Matter Chemical Properties: Properties that describe the ability of a substance to change into a new substance. Chemical Change: Chemical change is when a substance transforms into a new substance with new chemical and physical properties. An example of this process is when wood burns, releasing heat, ashes, carbon dioxide, and water vapor as a result.

  11. Physical or Chemical Properties • Boiling Point • Radioactivity • Smell • Flammability • Toxicity

  12. Physical or Chemical Change • Rusting of iron • Ice melting • Dissolving sugar in water • Leaves changing color in the fall

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