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Properties of Matter

Properties of Matter. Section 2. Physical Properties. Any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing th e makeup of the material. Examples: Color Shape Size Density Melting Point Boiling Point. Appearance. Appearance is the most obvious physical property

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Properties of Matter

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  1. Properties of Matter Section 2

  2. Physical Properties • Any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the makeup of the material • Examples: • Color • Shape • Size • Density • Melting Point • Boiling Point

  3. Appearance • Appearance is the most obvious physical property • Shape, color, and state of matter can be identified just by looking • They can also be measured • Volume • Temperature • Mass • Diameter

  4. Behavior • Behavior is also a physical property • Examples: • Magnetism • Malleable • Ductile • Ability to flow

  5. Using Physical Properties to Separate • Some items can be separated by physical properties • Sorting by hand • Sifting • Using a magnet

  6. Physical Properties • Can be used to identify substances • Many physical properties are specific to the material and remain constant and can be used for identification • Melting point • Boiling point • Density • Specific Heat

  7. Physical Changes • Any change that does alter the makeup of the material • You can change size, shape, or state of matter without altering the makeup of the material • Sometimes physical change can accompany a color change without changing the composition of the material • Heating a metal until it’s glowing hot • Sometimes color change accompanies a chemical change • Rusting

  8. Using Physical Change to Separate • We can also use physical change to separate materials • Distillation is a separation technique that allows separation techniques by boiling point • A mixture is heated until it boils. • All the material that evaporates at a specific boiling point and be captured when it condenses • The material that did not boil at that boiling point is left behind

  9. Chemical Properties • Chemical properties are characteristics of a substance that indicate whether it is likely to undergo a chemical change • Flammability • Reactive to light • Reactivity • Toxicity

  10. Chemical Change • The change of one substance into another • There are several clues that a chemical change is going on • Rapid release of energy • Change of heat • Light • Sound • Bubbling • Color change • Formation of a solid (precipitate)

  11. Using Chemical Change to Separate • Silver flatware can become tarnished • Due to silver reacting with sulfur in the air to make silver sulfide • The reaction can be reversed by putting the silver in warm water with baking soda and aluminum foil • In industry and labs, chemical changes like this are used to purify metals

  12. The Conservation of Mass • During any chemical change, mass is conserved. • The amount of substance present at the beginning of the reaction will be equal to the amount of substance present at the end of reaction • Then why does there appear to be less mass after a log burns • Mass is “lost” as water and gas

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