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2011 Status of DED Tolerant American Elm

2011 Status of DED Tolerant American Elm. Linda Haugen, Plant Pathologist USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection St. Paul, Minnesota. Overview of what you should know from 2009 talk…. DED tolerant American elm cultivars, their characteristics and availability.

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2011 Status of DED Tolerant American Elm

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  1. 2011 Status of DED Tolerant American Elm Linda Haugen, Plant Pathologist USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection St. Paul, Minnesota

  2. Overview of what you should know from 2009 talk… • DED tolerant American elm cultivars, their characteristics and availability. • Research at the Univ of MN– especially pruning work, and St. Croix elm. • Status of research at Delaware, Ohio, Forest Service NRS location (Slavicek).

  3. 2011 Status of American Elm • What’s new. • We need more elms. • Elm “Restoration” Demo Sites. • DED Tolerance Enriched Seed.

  4. What’s new • Dr. Kathleen Knight, Northern Research Station. • Lots of Talk… Strategies and approaches. • Restoration ecology. • Modeled vegetation response to EAB infestation, particularly invasives. • Current work in Ohio, may expand as funded.

  5. We need more elms Commercial Availability NRS

  6. We need more elms • Finding more DED tolerant American elms • Long-term projects: > 8 years to screen • Chippewa NF project: Started 2009 • Cold tolerance x DED tolerance • Nature Conservancy project to start in New York/New England? • “Lessor elms”: IN, IL, OH, MI • We need more, from rest of range • New database– web entry

  7. We need more elms

  8. We need more elms

  9. Elm Restoration Sites Elm Restoration Demonstration in the Upper Mississippi • 2 upland sites, 2 bottomland • “Wild land” site • “Free to Grow” • Planted 2005 and 2007 • INTENSE protection • 30 to 40 trees per site • Princeton • Valley Forge • Delaware • VF x New Harmony • VF x R18-2 • VF x Princeton • VF x Delaware

  10. Elm Restoration Sites

  11. Elm Restoration Sites • Other NRS “restoration sites” • Original sites in Ohio. (5 or 6) • Partnered with Nature Conservatory (Christian Marks) in New England to plant 30 sites.

  12. DED Tolerance Enriched Seed Heritability of DED Tolerance Smalley and Guries. 1993. Breeding Elms for Resistance to Dutch Elm Disease. In F2 elm population, their best “families” yielded up to 80% DED resistant individuals. Eshita, Slavicek and Kamalay. 2003. Generation of American Elm Trees with Enhanced Tolerance/Resistance to Dutch Elm Disease through Genetics. Planted in 1995, inoculated w/ DED in 2002. Evaluated after 4 weeks and 8-9 weeks. Several progeny showed few symptoms even at 8-9 weeks: 38/321 at 5% or less 73/321 at 10% or less “Enriched Seed”= seed from crosses of DED tolerant American elm parents

  13. DED Tolerance Enriched Seed • Field use of DED tolerance enriched seed: • NRS has “Seed Orchard” • Potentially use to propagate seedlings for field trials of restoration plantings. • Perhaps 2012? • “Public lands” partners? • State Nurseries?

  14. Heterobasidion Root Disease (HRD) • NA-2009-02. Detection Tools, Risk Analysis and Management Guidelines for Annosum Root Rot in the Northeastern Area US. JJuzwik, DLindner, WI DNR, GStanosz, SPFO • Objectives: • DNA-based sampling protocol. • Science-based risk analysis system and associated management guidelines. • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT: • Develop and test sampling methodology for HRD. • Collect data on risks of introduction and risks of intensification, and potential impact. • -- inoculum availability (i.e. viable fruiting bodies) • -- time of basidiospore dispersal throughout the year • -- Importance of edaphic, prior land use, and stand variables • Document H. annosum occurrence within each State (baseline regional database). • Finalize risk analysis system and management guidelines for HRD in Northeast.

  15. Heterobasidion Root Disease (HRD)

  16. Heterobasidion Root Disease (HRD) In the Field: Cordless drill used to collect wood sample into a micro-centrifuge tube. Materials packed into a “kit”. In the lab: Full profile of fungal DNA in sample. J. Juzwik has been learning technique. Many samples processed synchronously = cost efficiency. Only received 40 samples last year!

  17. Heterobasidion Root Disease (HRD) You can help! You can BE HELPED! • Expand sampling– perhaps send out NRS or NA samplers. • Include “mystery root disease pockets”, not just HRD suspects. Contact J. Juzwik or L. Haugen to participate!

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