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WW1 Effects on Foreign Policy/Rights and Immigration. General Strike in Seattle 1919. Boston Police Strike. WW1 Effects at Home. Fear of Immigrants and Communism led to the 1 st Red Scare- over 4,000 arrested, over 500 deported. – No issue of Habeas Corpus
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WW1 Effects at Home • Fear of Immigrants and Communism led to the 1st Red Scare-over 4,000 arrested, over 500 deported. – No issue of Habeas Corpus • Fear of workers’ strikes in general – connected to communism? (Proletariat Revolution) • Palmer Raids – Attorney General ordered raids of communist headquarters in 33 cities without any warrants (unconstitutional) • Return of KKK – targets anyone not white, protestant, and American born ~ 100,000 join in 1920 • America limits immigration- 1920’s Quota Acts • Foreign Policy back to ISOLATIONISM!!! • Attempts to avoid future wars: • Washington Naval Conference-limits battleships • Kellogg-Briand Pact-Outlawed War?!?
Falsely Accused? • Italian immigrants and professed anarchists • Accused and convicted of a murder in relation to a robbery • Evidence was lacking against them leading many to believe they were convicted because of beliefs and nationality • Executed in 1927 • Cleared of wrongdoing in 1977 by Massachusetts Governor
Politics and Business in the 1920’s 3 Republicans were elected President during the ‘20’s:Warren Harding, Calvin Coolidge, Herbert Hoover. Laissez-faire is back! All favored Big Business-end of Prog. Reforms Revenue Acts of 1921 + 1926: Lowered taxes for the wealthy and businesses. Trickle Down Theory-economic theory-1980’s lowering taxes for wealthy-wealthy will spend more on goods-creating demand and jobs Tariffs are raised-encourage buying American
“We are closer to the end of poverty than at any time in history” – Herbert Hoover’s campaign slogan
Reasons for the 20’s Prosperity(wealth)Boom Years • Mass Production-Frederick Taylor use of Scientific Management-study of how to make things efficient-assembly line.-produced more, cheaper-Ford’s Model T-1908-$850 • Employment-demand for goods led to more jobs, higher salaries-Auto-Steel,Rubber,Suburbs- • Credit-companies offered installment plans-buy now pay later-75% of all goods w/credit. • Stock Market Speculation-Buying Stocks-Companies make $$-Risky for investors
Criticism of Wealth/Materialism • The Lost Generation- • Group of writers who criticized the materialism of the decade. • F. Scott Fitzgerald-The Great Gatsby
Social Changes in the 20’s • During WW1, workers were needed for the war effort, so many Black Americans moved to Northern Cities such as Chicago, Detroit and NY. -Great Migration • In NYC many Black Americans moved to Harlem • Many were artists, musicians and writers who contributed to what became known as • The Harlem Renaissance.
Women in the 20’s • 19th Amendment 1920 • Women’s Suffrage/vote • Flappers-Young women who challenge societies view of women • Smoked +Drank in public • Short hair+skirts, more makeup + jewelery
The Scopes Monkey Trial • Tennessee didn’t allow teaching of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution • Science Teacher John Scopes broke this law. • A trial followed, and the argument arose, should this scientific theory be allowed in direct conflict to Creationism-Adam and Eve.
Comparing Decades • Socially, the 1920’s are often compared to which decade? • 1960’s- Why? • African Americans, Women, Illegal Drug Use. • Economically, the 20’s are often compared to which decade(s)? • 1980’s + 2000’s- Why? • Trickle Down Theory, Favor Wealthy and Business-Republicans in power
Marcus Garvey, Flappers, Lost Generation, Frederick Taylor, Trickle Down Theory, Speakeasies, Sacco/Vanzetti, Scopes Trial, Henry Ford, Herbert Hoover, Warren Harding, Calvin Coolidge, Langston Hughes, F.Scott Fitzgerald, George “Babe” Ruth, Duke Ellington, Charlie Chaplin, Revenue Acts, Flappers, 18th Amendment, 19th Amendment, Model T,
