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Impact of the Civil War: African Americans, Common Soldiers, and the Home Front in Virginia

Explore the social impact of the Civil War on African Americans, common soldiers, and the home front, with a focus on Virginia. Learn about the Emancipation Proclamation, the Gettysburg Address, and the challenges faced by women during the war. Discover the post-war contributions of Robert E. Lee, Ulysses S. Grant, and Frederick Douglass. Gain insights into the lasting effects of the war on American society.

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Impact of the Civil War: African Americans, Common Soldiers, and the Home Front in Virginia

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  1. Impact of the Civil WarThe social impact of the war on African Americans, the common soldier, and the home front with emphasis on Virginia

  2. Warm-up • What was the Middle Passage? • What were the results of the French and Indian War? • What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? • What was the Gettysburg Address about?

  3. Impact on African Americans • The Emancipation Proclamation allowed for the enlistment of African-American soldiers in the Union army.

  4. Impact on African Americans • Enslaved African Americans in the South seized the opportunity presented by the approach of Union troops to achieve freedom. • Although slavery was ended after the Civil War, African Americans did NOT begin to achieve full equality during the next 100 years.

  5. Impact on Common Soldiers • For the common soldier, warfare was brutal and camp life was lonely and boring. • Many soldiers returned home wounded or crippled.

  6. Impact on Common Soldiers • Warfare often involved hand-to-hand combat. • War time diaries and letters home record this harsh reality. • After the war, especially in the South, soldiers returned home to find homes destroyed and poverty. Soldiers on both sides lived with permanent disabilities.

  7. Impact on Women • Women were required to assume non-traditional roles • Managed homes and families with scarce resources while husbands were fighting in the war • Often faced poverty and hunger • Assumed new roles in agriculture, nursing, and war industries Clara Barton, a Civil War nurse, went on to found the American Red Cross

  8. Post-War Contributions • After the Civil War, both Robert E. Lee and Ulysses S. Grant urged reconciliation between the North and the South. • After the Civil War, Frederick Douglass became the leading spokesman for African Americans in the nation.

  9. Ulysses S. Grant • Urged Radical Republicans not to be harsh with former Confederates • Opposed retaliation directed to the defeated South • Elected as the 18th President and served during most of Reconstruction after the Civil War • Advocated rights for freed slaves

  10. Robert E. Lee • Urged Southerners to reconcile and rejoin the United States • Served as President of Washington College (Washington & Lee University today) • Emphasized the importance of education to the nation’s future

  11. Frederick Douglass • Supported full equality for African Americans • Advocated for the passage of the 14th and 15th Amendments, which gave African Americans citizenship and black males the right to vote • Encouraged federal government actions to protect the rights of the freedmen in the South • Served as ambassador to Haiti and in the civil service

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