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The Spread of the Industrial Revolution. The United States & Europe. The United States. America had fast flowing rivers, coal, iron and workers for an Industrial Revolution of their own.
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The Spread of the Industrial Revolution The United States & Europe
The United States • America had fast flowing rivers, coal, iron and workers for an Industrial Revolution of their own. • Britain didn’t want the secrets of the industrial revolution to leave Britain so they outlawed machine makers leaving the country. • Samuel Slater escaped to the U.S. and helped build factories from memory. • The first factories were created for the textile industry in Rhode Island. • Thousands of young women flocked to factory towns to earn money and gain more independence.
The United States • Mills girls had to work 12 hours a day 6 days a week for a decent living. • Textiles led the way but clothing and shoemaking soon followed into the factories. • It wasn’t until after the Civil War that America became an industrial boom. • In the late 1800’s large amounts of coal, iron & oil were discovered. • The invention of the light bulb, telephone & and railroad expansion also added to the revolution.
Critical Thinking Questions • Turn to your neighbors and discuss the following questions for 4 minutes, then write your response. • Why would Britain want to keep Industrialization a secret? • Why might railroads be more important in the U.S. than Europe? • Why would Slater escape to America to share his knowledge of industrialization?
The United States • Building large businesses required a lot of money. • To raise money entrepreneurs sold shares of the business called stock. • Those who bought stock became part owners of the company. • From these stock businesses came corporations. • Stock holders of a corporation make money but are not responsible for its debt. • Corporations were now starting to make large amounts of money while paying their workers low wages.
Europe • Just like America, Belgium had all the ingredients for an Industrial Revolution. • In the early 1800’s Belgium became a major producer of textiles that would rival Britain. • In the mid 1800’s Germany began importing British equipment & engineers. • The industrial revolution in Germany helped to modernize and unify the country. • France also became industrialized by 1830 but was more controlled than other countries. • As a result France didn’t have the same social and economic problems.
The Impact of Industrialization • Industrialization widened the wealth gap between industrialized and non-industrialized countries. • There was a partnership between the two though. • Industrialized countries need raw materials from poor countries to keep the factories going. • Soon industrialized countries were looking around the world for new lands to get resources from.
Review Questions • Discuss with your group for 5 minutes what you think the answer to the following questions are and then write a response. • Name three factors that were need to make the industrial revolution possible in each country. • Which types of countries are more important: Industrialized countries making goods or non- industrialized countries with resources? Why? • Why do you think some European countries did not participate in the Industrial Revolution?
