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Describing Matter Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space

This informative text explains the concepts of elements, compounds, and mixtures, highlighting their characteristics, differences, and separation methods. It covers pure substances, homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures, and various types of solutions. The text also explores the Tyndall Effect and provides a comparison between mixtures and compounds.

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Describing Matter Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space

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  1. Describing Matter Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space Unit 2.4

  2. Element vs. Compound • Element- a substance in which all atoms are alike • The periodic table has the complete list of elements. • Compound- substance in which the atoms of two or more different elements are combined in fixed proportions • Ex. H2O, CH4

  3. Pure Substances • Pure Substance-cannot be broken down into simpler components and still maintain the properties it had originally • Either an element or a compound

  4. Elements vs Compounds • C Element • S8 Element • H2O Compound • Si2 Element • H2O2 Compound • All of the above are pure substances!

  5. Describing Matter • Mixture- made up of two or more pure substances which can be separated by physical means • Homogenous- contains two or more pure substances blended evenly throughout • Heterogeneous- contains two or more pure substances that can be distinguished from each other Homogenized Milk Heterogeneous (Non-Homogenized) Milk

  6. Types of Homogeneous Mixtures • Miscible: describes a homogeneous mixture in which two or more liquids that can mix with each other • Ex. Orange-Pineapple juice • Solution- homogeneous mixture containing a solute (typically sugar or salt) dissolved in a solvent (typically water) • Ex. Gatorade • 3 Types of Solutions • Unsaturated solution: a solution capable of dissolving more solute • Saturated solution: a solution that cannot dissolve any more solute • Supersaturated solution: a solution that has more solute dissolved in it than it can normally hold and the extra solute can easily crystallize or precipitate out Video

  7. Types of Heterogeneous Mixtures • Immiscible: describes a heterogeneous mixture in which two or more liquids that don’t mix with each other • Suspension: heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle out over time • Ex. dirty water, orange juice with pulp (that’s why you shake it) • Colloid: heterogeneous mixture with large particles that never settle • Ex. fog, smoke, ink, glue • A test you can run to see if it’s a colloid is to pass a beam of light through the mixture, if the light is visible, it is a colloid and this is called the Tyndall Effect

  8. Tyndall Effect

  9. Compare and contrast mixtures and compounds • How can you tell the difference between mixture and compound? • Mixture can be separated physically and keep its properties • Ex. Salt Water • Compound can only be separated chemically and does NOT keep its properties • Ex. Water (H2O), by separating the water, you get hydrogen and oxygen gas which are extremely flammable together

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