New Zealand

1. New Zealand • Dawid Zwoliński IID

2. 1. About New Zealand New Zealand (Māori: Aotearoa) is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island) and numerous smaller islands with capital Wellington. Because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans. The majority of New Zealand's population is of European descent ; the indigenous Māori are the largest minority, followed by Asians and non-Māori Polynesians.

3. 2. History of New Zealand The history of New Zealand dates back at least 700 years to when it was discovered and settled by Polynesians. The first European explorer to discover New Zealand was Abel Janszoon Tasman on 13 December 1642. In 1840 the Treaty of Waitangi was signed between the British Crown and various Māori chiefs, bringing New Zealand into the British Empire and giving Māori equal rights with British citizens. The Waitangi sheet

4. 3. Government of New Zealand The Government of New Zealand, formally Her Majesty's Government in New Zealand, is based on the Westminster system of responsible government. Executive government in New Zealand is based on the principle that "The Queen reigns, but the government rules, so long as it has the support of the House of Representatives". The head of state follows the advice of the Government and plays only a formal role. The Prime Minister of New Zealand  - John Key

5. 4. Geography of New Zealand The geography of New Zealand encompasses two main islands and a number of smaller islands. New Zealand varies in climate, from cold and wet to dry and to subtropical in some areas. The landscape of New Zealand has made it a popular location for the production of television programmes and films, including the Lord of the Rings trilogy. Neighbouring countries include Australia to the northwest and Tonga and Fiji to the north.

6. 5. Economy of New Zealand New Zealand has a market economy which is greatly dependent on international trade, mainly with Australia, the European Union, the United States, China, and Japan. It has only small manufacturing and high-tech sectors, being strongly focused on tourism and primary industries like agriculture. The World Bank in 2005 praised New Zealand as being the most business-friendly country in the world, before Singapore.

7. 6. Language of New Zealand English is the predominant language in New Zealand, spoken by 98 percent of the population. New Zealand English is similar to Australian English and many speakers from the Northern Hemisphere are unable to tell the accents apart. After the Second World War, Māori were discouraged from speaking their own language in schools and workplaces and it existed as a community language only in a few remote areas.

8. 7. Culture of New Zealand The culture of New Zealand is largely inherited from British and European custom, interwoven with Maori and Polynesian tradition. Initially Māori only, then bicultural with colonial and rural values, now New Zealand is a cosmopolitan culture that reflects its changing demographics, is conscious of the natural environment, and is an educated, developed Western society. Māori woman

9. 8. Sport in New Zealand Sport in New Zealand largely reflects its British colonial heritage. Some of the most popular sports in New Zealand, namely rugby, cricket and netball, are primarily played in Commonwealth of Nations countries. Sport is very popular in New Zealand and despite New Zealand being a very small nation, it has enjoyed great success in many sports.

10. 9. Educationin New Zealand Education in New Zealand follows the three-tier model which includes primary schools, followed by secondary schools and tertiary education at universities and/or polytechs.TheProgramme for International Student Assessment ranks New Zealand's education as the 7th best in the world. Education is free and compulsory between the ages of 6 and 16, although in very special cases an exemption can be gained after applying to the MOE.

11. 10. Infrastructure of New Zealand In 2008, oil, gas and coal generated approximately 69 percent of New Zealand's gross energy supply and 31% was generated from renewable energy, primarily hydroelectric power and geothermal power. New Zealand's transport network includes 93,805 kilometres of roads and 4,128 kilometres of railway lines. Most major cities and towns are linked by bus services, although the private car is the predominant mode of transport.

12. 11. Etymology of New Zealand Aotearoa (often translated as "land of the long white cloud") is the current Māori name for New Zealand. It is unknown whether Māori had a name for the whole country before the arrival of Europeans, with Aotearoa originally referring to just the North Island. In 1645 Dutch cartographers renamed the land Nova Zeelandia after the Dutch province of Zeeland. British explorer James Cook subsequently anglicised the name to New Zealand.

13. 12. Climate of New Zealand New Zealand has a mild and temperate maritime climate with mean annual temperatures ranging from 10 °C (50 °F) in the south to 16 °C (61 °F) in the north. Conditions vary sharply across regions from extremely wet on the West Coast of the South Island to almost semi-arid in Central Otago and the Mackenzie Basin of inland Canterbury and subtropical in Northland.

14. 13. Questions to theaudience Wellington JohnKey • Rugby, cricket and netball • Because of itsremoteness • About 700 years ago What is the capital of ZewZealand? Who is Prime Minister of New Zealand? What sportsare the mostpopularin New Zealand? Why was New Zealand one of the last lands to be settled by humans? When New Zealand was discovered and settled by Polynesians?

15. 14. Bibliography http://www.wikipedia.org/