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Chapter 2

Chapter 2. Henry VIII (pg. 8). Catholic (divorce?) ( Catherine/Aragon ) Starts his own religion ( Anglican, Church of England ) Elizabeth I (city-state) (nationalism) Spanish Armada (England #1) Irish Tactics (prejudices brought) Critics of Anglican Church

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Chapter 2

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  1. Chapter 2

  2. Henry VIII (pg. 8) • Catholic (divorce?) (Catherine/Aragon) • Starts his own religion (Anglican, Church of England) • Elizabeth I (city-state) (nationalism) • Spanish Armada (England #1) • Irish Tactics (prejudices brought) Critics of Anglican Church • Too Catholic (kept Sacraments) • Puritans (broken, stay) (fix within) • Separatists (broken, leave) (can’t fix) • Seen as a threat (challenge authority) • Protestant Reformation

  3. Too Catholic?

  4. Motivations for English Settlement (page 9) 1. Economic Opportunity • English Monarchs (mercantilism used/exploit colonies) • New Merchant Class ($ to invest in colonial ventures) (joint stock companies) • Middle & Lower Classes (inflation/unemployment) (dream of a better life elsewhere) • Unemployed Farmers (enclosure movement) (wool industrybecomes very profitable) 2. Social Opportunity • Workers & Farmers (dream of upward mobility) (hierarchy, people stayed in classes) • Some English Leaders (dumpingground/excess people) (safety valve) (convicts, drain English resources)

  5. 3. Political Opportunity • Divine Right (kings rule in God’sbehalf) (absolute power) (people dream of political power) • Bloody Civil War (lots of bloodshed, people want peace) (CharlesI/Cavaliers vs. Puritans/Roundheads) 4. Religious Opportunity • Puritans (dream of religious liberty) (want the persecution to stop) • Protestant Reformation (anti-Catholic Church/Pope) (Martin Luther, John Calvin, Henry VIII)

  6. Roanoke “Lost Colony” (pg. 9) • Sir Walter Raleigh (Sea Dogs) (wealth) • Finances a settlement • Delivers people & supplies • Delayed in return • Where did they go? • CROATAN

  7. Jamestown (pg. 11) • London Co. (Virginia Co.) (joint-stock company) • Gentlemen (investment, gold) (wrong men sent) (location, swamp) (disease) (John Smith, elected) • Powhatan Confederacy (trade) (Pocahontas) (kill Smith?) (ritual, submission) (Smith hurt, goes back to England) • Starving Winter (gold) (enslave Indians, attacked) (cannibalism) (escape?) • Lord de la Warr (encounters group) (attacks Indians) (1st & 2nd Powhatan Wars)

  8. Attracting Settlers to Jamestown (pg. 12) • Tobacco (John Rolfe) (cash crop) (poor man’s) (financial prosperity) (need more land) (labor intensive) (demand for labor) • House of Burgesses (vote, limited) (representative, self-government) (protect English Rights) • Headright System (pay passage) (receive 50 acres) (plantations) (Tidewater Gentry) • Indentured Servants (slaves?) (4-7 years) (room & board) (rights) (end of term?) (clothes, tools) (homeless, frustrated) (work for wages)

  9. Southern Colonies (pg. 13) • Maryland (Lord Baltimore) (mirror) (refuge for Catholics) (Cecil Calvert) (feudal system) (Protestants come) (Act of Toleration) (religious freedom) (Protestant Revolt) (lose power) • Carolinas (8 Nobles, feudal system) (nobody comes) (trade, Barbados) (Barbadians, dominate society) (Indians) (slave codes) (Charles Town) (land squatters) (separate) (North, more independent & democratic) (rice & indigo) • Georgia (buffervs. Spanish) (James Oglethorpe) (1st governor) (no, drinking, plantations, & slavery) ) (nobody comes) (Debtors’ Prison) (financial failure) (Royal Colony) grew slowly) (eventually, Plantations)

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