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Hypersensitivity Reactions

Hypersensitivity Reactions. Injurious, patologic immune reactions causing tissue injury and disease. Excessive or aberrant immune response to: Foreign antigens (non-self) - non-infectious (environmental) - infectious Self (autologous) antigens failure of self-tolerance

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Hypersensitivity Reactions

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  1. Hypersensitivity Reactions

  2. Injurious, patologic immune reactions causing tissue injury and disease Excessive or aberrant immune response to: Foreign antigens (non-self) - non-infectious (environmental) - infectious Self (autologous) antigens failure of self-tolerance (autoimmunity, autoimmune diseases)

  3. Types of Hypersensitivity Reactions Type I Type II Antibody mediated Type III T cell mediated Type IV

  4. Type II and type III (comparison)

  5. Type II (Antibody-mediated diseases) (Cytotoxic type) Type II hypersensitivity animation

  6. Effector mechanisms

  7. Effector mechanisms

  8. Effector mechanisms

  9. Effector mechanisms

  10. Graves disease

  11. Myasthenia gravis

  12. Antibody-mediated diseases

  13. Type III (immune complex-mediated diseases) Type III hypersensitivity animation

  14. Effector mechanisms

  15. Effector mechanisms

  16. Effector mechanisms

  17. Immune complex diseases

  18. Serum sickness

  19. Therapy • Reduction fo inflammation (corticosteroids) • Plasmapheresis (reduction of circulating antibodies and immune comoplexes) • Anti-CD20-antibodies(reduction of B cell number) • Inhibition of auto-antibody production (CD40L antagonists)

  20. Type IV (Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity - DTH) Type IV hypersensitivity animation

  21. Effector mechanisms

  22. T cell-mediated diseases

  23. Clinical manifestation of contact dermatitis

  24. Therapy • Reduction of inlammtaion (corticosteroids and TNF antagonists) • T cell response inhibition (cyclosporin) • Antagonists of costimulation

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