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Paradigm Change

Paradigm Change. Core Concept. Definition. A set of rules and regulations (written or unwritten) that does two things: Establishes or defines boundaries; and Tells how to behave inside the boundaries in order to be successful (Arthur Baker in Future Edge: Discovering New Paradigms).

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Paradigm Change

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  1. Paradigm Change Core Concept

  2. Definition • A set of rules and regulations (written or unwritten) that does two things: • Establishes or defines boundaries; and • Tells how to behave inside the boundaries in order to be successful • (Arthur Baker in Future Edge: Discovering New Paradigms)

  3. Other definitions • Paradigm is fundamental image of the subject matter within a science. It serves to define • What should be studied, • What should be asked, • What rules should be followed in interpreting the answers obtained

  4. Thomas Kuhn • A paradigm is a worldview or a vision of reality • It is how we see things. For e.g. • America has a constitution • The supreme court can interpret the constitution • America is ruled by government • America is a democracy

  5. Similar concepts • Michel Foucault used the terms episteme and discourse, mathesis and taxinomia, for aspects of a "paradigm" in Kuhn's original sense

  6. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions • Account of history of science • Science is also Socially constructed • Kuhn argued that science is a series of peaceful interludes punctuated by intellectually violent revolutions • It differed with Karl Popper’s view of theory-testing through falsification

  7. Paradigm Addiction • The total pattern of perceiving, conceptualizing, acting, validating, and valuing associated with a particular image of reality that prevails in a science of a branch of science • E.g. • Communist philosophy • Capitalist ideology

  8. What is a paradigm shift • When anomalies or inconsistencies arise within a given paradigm and present problems that we are unable to solve within a given paradigm, our view of the reality must change • We must take on new assumptions and expectations that will transform our theories, traditions, rules, and standards of practice

  9. Invisible colleges • Is a group of peers, typically from different disciplines and with different viewpoints, who band together round a shared interest. • First used by Robert Boyle in 1649

  10. Invisible colleges • They are required for developing a new idea or innovation • Required to bring about a paradigm change • Required to develop a new innovation • Required to diffuse a simple idea

  11. Exercise • Identify existing Paradigms/dogmas and find an example of how it is constructed and displayed in the field of • Handling the drug trafficking problem • Tackling HIV/AIDS situation • Tackling global poverty • Handling climate change problem

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