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Warmup

Warmup. Why is Alexander the Great important?. Tuesday: Writing Madness!. Analyze the cultural and political changes and continuities in ONE of the following empires in the Classical period. Chinese (100 C.E.–600 C.E.) Indian ( 300C.E.–600 C.E.) Roman (100 C.E.–600 C.E .)

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Warmup

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  1. Warmup Why is Alexander the Great important?

  2. Tuesday: Writing Madness! Analyze the cultural and political changes and continuities in ONE of the following empires in the Classical period. • Chinese (100 C.E.–600 C.E.) • Indian (300C.E.–600 C.E.) • Roman (100 C.E.–600 C.E.) You may bring whatever notes you would like on Tuesday to complete this essay.

  3. Next Week • Monday: Roman Empire • Tuesday: CCOT in class • Wednesday: Review Due • Thursday: Classical Era Test • Friday: Go over test

  4. Where Did the Romans Come From? -753 BCE: Founding of Rome by Romulus -Great grandchildren of Aeneas -Rome was a monarchy at first

  5. The Aeneid: The Story the Romans Made Up for Themselves

  6. The Birth of the Republic 509 BCE: Last king of Rome was deposed

  7. SPQR = SenatusPopulusqueRomanus The Senate and People of Rome

  8. Roman Political Structure: Republic

  9. Roman Paranoia 390 BCE: Rome sacked by the Celts

  10. ROMAN LEGION

  11. The Battle for the Mediterranean Romans conquer Italy by 265 BCE

  12. The Battle for the Mediterranean • 264-146 BCE • The Punic Wars: Rome vs. Carthage • The Second Punic War is the most important because:

  13. The Battle for the Mediterranean 146 BCE: Carthage Destroyed

  14. Hannibal on Elephants

  15. Roman Technology: Roads

  16. Roman Technology: Arch

  17. Roman Technology: Aqueducts

  18. Roman Technology: Monuments

  19. Romans and Conquered Peoples • Roman typically allowed conquered groups to select their own leaders as long as they were loyal to Rome. • Romans syncretized the gods of conquered peoples

  20. Hellenistic Influence • Architecture • Drama • Sculpture • Literature • “Rome captured Greece, but Greece captivated Rome.”

  21. What to do with the poor? • 133-121 BCE • Increasing numbers of Romans are now landless. • Soldiers had land foreclosed on • Latifundia – Huge estates made up of large amounts of farmland • Landless Romans may not serve in the army or vote. • Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus try to give land to the poor. • Very popular • Both are killed • Julius Caesar favored similar reforms

  22. General Julius Caesar

  23. Julius Caesar • 59 BCE First Triumvirate • Group which consolidated most of the political power in Rome • Julius Caesar, Pompey, Crassus • 49 BC: Caesar crosses the Rubicon River with his army, declares himself dictator of Rome. Caesar’s soldiers are loyal to him Personally, not Rome.

  24. The End of the Republic • 44 BCE Caesar Assassinated • 31 BCE Octavian wins civil war • Changes his name to Augustus Caesar • Assumes title of imperator Octavian = Augustus Caesar

  25. Question • What in Roman history made the Romans so reluctant to give up on the Republic?

  26. Question • Some historians argue that the West is built on the culture of four cities: • Jerusalem • Athens • Rome • London • Which qualities do you think historians attribute to the Romans?

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