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Ribosomes & Endoplasmic Reticulum

Ribosomes & Endoplasmic Reticulum. . Ribosomes. Made of ribosomal RNA and protein Synthesized by nucleolus of cell Proteins from cytoplasm are brought to nucleus and made with rRNA into large and small subunits of ribosomes Subunits leave the nucleus and assemble into ribosomes

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Ribosomes & Endoplasmic Reticulum

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  1. Ribosomes & Endoplasmic Reticulum .

  2. Ribosomes • Made of ribosomal RNA and protein • Synthesized by nucleolus of cell • Proteins from cytoplasm are brought to nucleus and made with rRNA into large and small subunits of ribosomes • Subunits leave the nucleus and assemble into ribosomes • Carry out protein synthesis

  3. Ribosomes Cont. • Two Types • Bound ribosomes • Most proteins made here function in the cytosol • Free ribosomes • Most proteins made here are for excretion, insertion into membranes, or packaging in other organelles

  4. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) • Endoplasmic: “within the cytoplasm” • Reticulum: “little net” • An organelle in eukaryotic cells that is an extensive network of membranes • ER consists of cisternae (network of membranous tubules) • Two types of ER: SMOOTH and ROUGH

  5. SMOOTH ER • Tasks: synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbohydrates, detoxification of drugs and proteins, and storage of calcium ions • Named “smooth” because of the lack of ribosomes

  6. ROUGH ER • Cells that secrete proteins produced by ribosomes attach to the ER • “rough” because it is studded with ribosomes • Makes secretory proteins, also is a membrane factory for the cell – it grows by adding membrane proteins and phospholipids to its own membrane

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