Government (Povletich) Chapter 2: Origins of American Government

1. Government (Povletich) Chapter 2: Origins of American Government Section 1: Our Political Beginnings English and Colonial Political Ideas

2. Reading Guide • Section 1: Our Political Beginnings • As you read, answer the following questions. • What is ordered government? • What is limited government? • What is representative government? • How did the Magna Carta affect English government? • How did the Petition of Right affect English government? • How did the English Bill of Rights affect English government? • How were royal colonies governed? • How were proprietary colonies governed? • How were charter colonies governed? • Define CHARTER: • Define BICAMERAL: • Define UNICAMERAL:

3. Section 2: The Coming of Independence Timeline In the space provided, write a description of the event that happened on the date given 1643 1696 1754 1765 1770, March 5 1772 1773, Dec 16 1774, Spring 1774, Sept 5 1775, April 19 1775, May 10 1776, June 7 1776, July 2 1776, July 4 1781, March 1 Define DELEGATES: Define CONFEDERATION: Define REPEAL:

4. Section 3: The Critical Period Articles of Confederation Strengths Weaknesses Consequences • Make ______, _________, and _______________ • Send and receive __________________ • Borrow _________ and set up a money system • Establish ____________________ • Build a ________ and raise an _________ • Fix uniform ______________ or weights and measures • Settle __________ among the States • ________ vote per State, regardless of _________ • Congress _______________ to lay and collect _________ or duties, or to regulate ____________ trade and ____________ commerce • No ______________ to enforce the acts of Congress • No national _________ system • Amendment only with consent of _____ States

5. Section 3: The Critical Period • The Articles of Confederation • Describe the structure of the government set up by the Articles of Confederation. • What obligations did States have to one another? • What obligations did States have to citizens? • What powers did Congress NOT have? • The Critical Period, the 1780s • What government action took place in response to Shay’s Rebellion? • A Need for Stronger Government • What was the goal of the Constitutional Convention? • Key Terms • Define RATIFICATION: • Define PRESIDING OFFICER: Congressional Powers Under the Articles of Confederation • __________________________ • __________________________ • __________________________ • __________________________ • __________________________ • __________________________ • __________________________ • __________________________ • __________________________ • __________________________

6. Section 4: Creating the Constitution

7. Section 4: Creating the Constitution The chart below outlines the initial plans for a constitution and the “bundle of compromises” that resulted from various plans. As you read Section 4, complete the chart by filling in the boxes provided. Plan or Compromise Provisions Types of States That Benefited Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan Connecticut Compromise Three-Fifths Compromise Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise Name a group whose interests seem to have been ignored, or even harmed, by the compromises that created the Constitution. _______________________ Write a sentence using the term FRAMERS.

8. Reading Guide Section 5: Ratifying the Constitution As you read, answer the following questions. The Fight for Ratification What were the positions of each side toward ratification? Federalists: ____________________________ Anti-Federalists: ____________________________ What were the five issues involved in the ratification debate? _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ On what two States did the success or failure of ratification depend? _____________________________ and _______________________________ Inaugurating the Government Where was the first national capital located? ____________________________ Who became the new nation’s first… President: _________________________________________ Vice President: _________________________________________ Key Terms Identify the following people as either a Federalist or an Anti-Federalist. On the spaces provided, write an A for Anti-Federalist or an F for Federalist. James Madison ________ Patrick Henry ________ Alexander Hamilton ________

9. Section 5: Comparing Federalists and Anti-Federalists Difference Difference Difference Federalists Similarity Similarity Anti-Federalists Difference Difference Difference

10. Section 4: Creating the Constitution September 17, 1787: 39 delegates sign the Constitution Delegates pass the Great Compromise to settle how Congress will be organized and elected. Delegates determine how the President will be elected. The Virginia Plan proposed a two-house legislature, and the New Jersey Plan proposes a one-house legislature. Delegates agree to establish an executive and a judicial branch. Delegates vote not to revise Articles of Confederation, but to replace it. Delegates agree to the Three-Fifths Compromise to settle how a State’s population will be calculated. May 25, 1787: Constitutional Convention begins with unanimous selection of George Washington as the presiding officer.

11. Section 4: Creating the Constitution Cut out each of the following events, determine the correct order on your own chart, check for accuracy and then paste them in the correct order. Delegates pass the Great Compromise to settle how Congress will be organized and elected. Delegates agree to the Three-Fifths Compromise to settle how a State’s population will be calculated. May 25, 1787: Constitutional Convention begins with unanimous selection of George Washington as the presiding officer. September 17, 1787: 39 delegates sign the Constitution Delegates vote not to revise Articles of Confederation, but to replace it. Delegates determine how the President will be elected. The Virginia Plan proposed a two-house legislature, and the New Jersey Plan proposes a one-house legislature. Delegates agree to establish an executive and a judicial branch.

12. Section 4: Creating the Constitution In your packet you have a chart that outlines the initial plans for a constitution and the “bundle of compromises” that resulted from the various plans. As you read Section 4, complete the chart by cutting and pasting the following topics in the correct boxes. The bulleted text is the provisions for each plan or compromise while the larger text is for the state that benefited from it. • Bicameral Congress • House = based on population • Senate = equal number from each state (2) Southern states • Congress could not tax exports • Congress could not pass laws against the slave trade for at least 20 years • Counted three out of every five slaves when determining population • Affected representation in Congress and taxes owed to the federal government Southern states for population count, northern States for taxation Large states and wealthy states • Three separate branches • Representation based on population or wealth of State • Lower house elected • Upper house chosen by State governments • Congress chooses executive and judiciary All states • Unicameral legislature • States equally represented • More than one executive • Limited power to tax and regulate trade • State governors have power to remove executive and judiciary Small states

13. Section 4: Creating the Constitution The chart below outlines the initial plans for a constitution and the “bundle of compromises” that resulted from various plans. As you read Section 4, complete the chart by filling in the boxes provided. Plan or Compromise Provisions Types of States That Benefited • Three separate branches • Representation based on population or wealth of State • Lower house elected • Upper house chosen by State governments • Congress chooses executive and judiciary Large states and wealthy states Virginia Plan • Unicameral legislature • States equally represented • More than one executive • Limited power to tax and regulate trade • State governors have power to remove executive and judiciary New Jersey Plan Small states • Bicameral Congress • House = based on population • Senate = equal number from each state (2) Connecticut Compromise All states • Counted three out of every five slaves when determining population • Affected representation in Congress and taxes owed to the federal government Southern states for population count, northern States for taxation Three-Fifths Compromise Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise • Congress could not tax exports • Congress could not pass laws against the slave trade for at least 20 years Southern states Name a group whose interests seem to have been ignored, or even harmed, by the compromises that created the Constitution. _______________________ Write a sentence using the term FRAMERS.