SCOTLAND’S LARGE SCALE SURVEYS AND SURVEY HARMONISATION

1. SCOTLAND’S LARGE SCALE SURVEYS AND SURVEY HARMONISATION 1 JULY 2008

2. Scottish Household Survey

3. Introduction • Started in February 1999, as a result of devolution • c.15,000 households per year • Two part interview • Highest Income Householder or spouse/partner • Information about the households in Scotland • Characteristics of HIH help characterise the household as a whole • Randomly Selected Adult • Information about adults in Scotland • 45 minutes long

4. Topics Covered • 3 Priority Topic Areas • Transport • Local Government • Communities • Many other areas • Health & Care • Anti-Social Behaviour • Culture and Sport • Recycling

5. Reporting • Can produce • Results for Scotland every quarter • Results for larger LAs every year • Results for the urban/rural classification every year • Results for all LAs every two years

6. Survey Data • The SHS is an important source of data to aid policy development and evaluation • The survey provides the data for 5 of the SG’s Spending Review 07 indicators: • Neighbourhood Rating • Satisfaction with local services • Smoking • Journeys affected by congestion • Travel to work

7. Smokers in Scotland Target – 22% by year 2010

8. Neighbourhood Rating

9. Recent Changes • Significant de-clustering of the sample • Introduction of modularisation • Consortium of three companies for 2007-2010 • Ipsos Mori • TNS • Scottish Centre

10. Looking forward • Questionnaire Review for 2009 • Harmonisation • Policy Requirements under the new administration • Improving interview “flow”

11. Future Plans • Methodology Developments • Weighting • Income Imputation • Dissemination & Promotion • Training • New Publications • Web-based analysis

12. The Scottish House Condition Survey

13. The SHCS – basics • 3,000 occupied households every year; • Simple Random sample of Local Authorities - unclustered • Minimum of 80 surveys in each Local Authority • 2-stage Survey • Social Survey; followed by • Physical Survey • Purpose: Measures the quality of people’s experience of housing against the quality of housing in Scotland;

14. The SHCS – Basic outputs Surveyor expertise

15. The SHCS – Basic outputs Social Survey expertise Tenure by age group of highest income householder (%)

16. The SHCS – Basic outputs Social and Physical Survey – number of bedrooms and household relationships, genders and age of residents

17. The SHCS – Key Outputs Domestic Dwellings Energy EfficiencyDwellings becoming more energy efficient – but still a long way to go

18. The SHCS – Key outputs: Fuel Poverty (Income, dwelling heating characteristics, size and fuel costs) Hhlds in Fuel Poverty 1996-2005/6 (% and CIs)

19. The SHCS – Key outputs: Scottish Housing Quality Standard • be above the statutory Tolerable Standard • •be free from serious disrepair • •be energy efficient • •have modern facilities and services • •be healthy, safe and secure.

20. The SHCS – Key outputs: Scottish Housing Quality Standard

21. The SHCS medical variables: • 2002 Health Report • http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/933/0039909.pdf • Nothing since – handout with current health questions. • Abandoned Mental health module but in survey in 1991, 1996, 2002, 2003/04, 2004/05 2005/06 and 2007. • Abandoned Coughing and wheezing but in survey in 1991, 1996, 2002, 2003/04, 2004/05, 2005/06 2007. • Now have simplified asthma type questions (2008 onwards)

22. Mental Health Module GH1 Have you recently been able to concentrate on whatever you're doing? GH2 Have you recently lost much sleep over worry?GH3 Have you recently felt that you are playing a useful part in things? GH4 Have you recently felt capable of making decisions about things? GH5 Have you recently felt constantly under strain? GH6 Have you recently felt you couldn't overcome your difficulties? GH7 Have you recently been able to enjoy your normal day-to-day activities? GH8 Have you recently been able to face up to your problems? GH9 Have you recently been feeling unhappy and depressed? GH10 Have you recently been losing confidence in yourself? GH11 Have you recently been thinking of yourself as a worthless person? GH12 Have you recently been feeling reasonably happy, all things considered?

23. Coughing and Wheezing Module HE2 Have you had any wheezing or whistling in your chest at any time in the last 12 months? HE3 Have you been at all breathless when wheezing noise was present? HE4 Have you had this wheezing or whistling when you did not have a cold? HE5 Have you been woken up with a feeling of tightness in your chest at any time in the last 12 months? HE6 Have you been woken by an attack of shortness of breath at any time in the last 12 months? HE7 Are you currently taking any medicine (including inhalers, aerosols, or tablets) for asthma?

24. Coughing and Wheezing Module HE8 Have you ever had asthma? HE9 Was this confirmed by a doctor? HE10 Have you had an attack of asthma in the last 12 months? HE11 How old were you when you had your first attack of asthma? HE12 How old were you when you had your most recent attack of asthma? HE13 How many attacks of asthma have you had in the last 12 months? HE14 Do you have any nasal allergies including hay fever HE15 Have you ever suffered a two year period or more during which you experienced coughing and phlegm on most days? HE16 And would you say that you suffered that problem for periods of 3 months or more each of those years?

25. Coughing and Wheezing Module (HE17-26 asked about children in HH) HE17 Has {sub} had any wheezing or whistling in the chest in the last 12 months? HE18 How many attacks of wheezing has {sub} had in the last 12 months? HE19 In the last 12 months how often, on average, has {sub2} sleep been disturbed due to wheezing? HE20 In the last 12 months has wheezing ever been severe enough to limit {sub}'s speech to only one or two words at a time between breaths? HE21 Has {sub} been woken by an attack of wheezing in the last 12 months? HE22 In the last 12 months has {sub} chest sounded wheezy during or after exercise?

26. Coughing and Wheezing Module (HE17-26 asked about children in HH) HE23 In the last 12 months has {sub} had a dry cough at night, apart from a cough associated with a cold or chest infection? HE24 Has {sub} had more than 3 courses of antibiotics for respiratory infections (chest, ears or throat) in the last 12 months? HE25 Is {sub} currently taking any medicine (including inhalers, aerosols or tablets) for asthma? HE26 Has {sub} had an attack of asthma in the last 12 months?

27. Scottish Health Survey

28. History • Designed to provide information on population health, health-related behaviour and use of health services in Scotland. • Unique aspect of survey is nurse visit where measurements such as BP, lung function and blood samples are taken • Previously run in 1995, 1998 and 2003 • Reviewed in 2005/2006

29. Review Recommendations • Continuous • Core and modular structure • Scotland results annually, HB results at least every 4 years • Unclustered sample • NHS boards able to purchase boosts to their samples

30. Survey Design • Annual sample of around 6,400 adults and 2,000 children • HB minimum sample of 784 after 4 years • Sample stratified by HB and SIMD • Unclustered design (after 4 years) • HBs able to purchase boosts (3 have for 2008)

31. Survey Design - Structure • Core and modular structure • Core questions (around 35 mins) to full sample • Two modules of questions (around 10 mins) to partial sample • Module A – range of topics – some questions being asked annually, some biennially Given to one third of the full sample • Module B - Knowledge, Attitudes and Motivations module (previously HEPS) – asked annually Given to two thirds of the full sample but only asked of one adult per household

32. What Happens Now? • Contractor appointed July 2007 • 2008 questionnaire finalised end December 2007 • Fieldwork began end January 2008 • First publication planned for summer 2009

33. Labour Force Survey & Annual Population Survey

34. LFS & APS • Survey of households • Covers: • Employment hours worked, industry, occupation, earnings • Unemployment and economic activity • Education and training: qualifications held and current education/training - Health problems limiting ability to work

35. UK-wide LFS • Quarterly survey (since 1992) • Sample size – 52,000 households in UK • Approx 8,000 in Scotland (in five ‘waves’) • Panel design • Individuals stay in sample for five quarters • Each quarter a fifth of sample replaced • Sample contains five ‘waves’ of c.11,000 households • Unclustered sample • small bias in Scotland: partial coverage north of Caledonian Canal

36. UK-wide LFS • Changed in 2006 from seasonal quarters (Mar-May, Jun-Aug etc) to calendar quarters (Jan-Mar, etc) in line with EU • Publications • monthly Labour Market First Release (with regional data) Headline figures employment, unemployment, economic activity • quarterly supplement to Labour Market Trends

38. Annual Population Survey • SG funds an annual boost to LFS in Scotland • From 8,000 (unique households) to 23,000 • Calendar years 2004 to 2006 • plus quarterly rolling annual (Apr-Mar, Jul-Jun etc.) • More reliable estimates for local authorities • Most headline estimates available each year for LAs • Annual publication by SG

40. Future Developments • Looking at including communal establishments • Harmonisation of questions – UK Integrated Household Survey • Pilot of ethnicity boost (this Summer, funded by SG)

41. Further Information Data available from Nomis & data archive Websites SG:http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics/Browse/Labour-Market ONS:http://www.statistics.gov.uk/ Nomis:https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/Default.asp E-mail: labour-market.statistics@scotland.gsi.gov.uk

42. The Scottish Crime and Justice Survey

43. About the Scottish Crime and Justice Survey • Face to face household survey • Random sample (some stratification, clustering) • Up to 2006: • Every 2 to 3 years • Sample of 5,000 • 2008 onwards • Continuous • Sample of 16,000

44. Rationale and limitations • Helping fill the gap in official statistics on crime • Victim focus • Unreported crime BUT • Private households only • 16+ only • Language and disability may be barriers

45. Counting crime • How much crime? • What type of crime? • How many victims?

46. Measuring attitudes • Once secondary; becoming just as important? • Keeping policy makers in tune with people’s perceptions • Measuring performance SCVS 2006

47. Counting crime since 1970s • Scottish Crime Survey (SCS), Scottish Crime and Victimisation Survey (SCVS) and Scottish Crime and Justice Survey (SCJS) Face to face • ‘British’ Crime Survey (BCS) since 1982 (now covering England and Wales only) Face to face • Northern Ireland Crime Survey (NICS) Face to face • International Crime and Victim Survey/ European Crime and Victim Survey (ICVS) Mixed methods (phone) • United States National Crime Survey (NCS) Phone

48. Crime surveys in Scotland 1982 1988 • Lowland Scotland covered in the ‘British’ Crime Survey • Face to face, pen and paper • 1996 2000 2003 • Scottish Crime Survey • Face to face, pen and paper • 5,000 REVIEW in 2003 • 2006 • Scottish Crime and Victimisation Survey • Telephone interviewing (CATI) in 2004 discontinued • Back to face to face, CAPI/CASI in 2006 • 3,000 (2004) and 5,000 (2006) 2008 • Scottish Crime and Justice Survey

49. The ‘new’ Scottish Crime and Justice Survey • A balance – meeting stakeholder needs, but affordable and using gold standard survey method • Continuous – data every year • 16,000 per year – data at police force area level • Bigger sample – more modules means more space for questions • Face to face household interviews using CAPI/CASI • In the field in April 2008

50. SCJS today • Cognitive testing of new sections • Small scale pilot to test script and systems • Main pilot completed February 2008: • Stage 1 (800 quota) • Stage 2 (200 RPS) • Next steps….into the field! • Data?