1 / 18

Classification & the New Taxonomy

Classification & the New Taxonomy. Chapters 25 – 35. Solar System. Finding commonality in variety . Earth. Organisms classified from most general group, domain , down to most specific, species domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species. No. America. U. S. N. Y. L. I.

erol
Download Presentation

Classification & the New Taxonomy

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Classification & the New Taxonomy Chapters 25 – 35

  2. Solar System Finding commonality in variety Earth • Organisms classified from most general group, domain, down to most specific, species • domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species No. America U. S. N. Y. L. I. Nassau Co. use the mnemonic! Levittown

  3. Eukaryote Prokaryote Archaebacteria&Bacteria Classification • Old 5 Kingdom system • Monera, Protists, Plants, Fungi, Animals • New 3 Domain system • reflects a greater understanding of evolution & molecular evidence • _______________________ • _______________________ • _______________________ • ___________________ • ___________________ • ___________________ • ___________________

  4. Kingdom________________ Kingdom________________ Kingdom________________ Kingdom____________ Kingdom____________ Kingdom____________

  5. The Evolutionary Perspective

  6. Fungi Animalia Kingdoms absorptivenutrition ingestivenutrition Plantae autotrophs heterotrophs Protista uni- tomulticellular multicellular Eubacteria Archaebacteria prokaryotes eukaryotes Single-celled ancestor

  7. Domain Bacteria Domain Archaea Domain Eukarya Common ancestor Prokaryotes Domain Bacteria Domain Archaebacteria

  8. Bacteria live EVERYWHERE! • Bacteria live in all ecosystems • on plants & animals • in plants & animals • in the soil • in depths of the oceans • in extreme cold • in extreme hot • in extreme salt • on the living • on the dead Microbes alwaysfind a way tomake a living!

  9. Bacterial diversity rods and spheres and spirals… Oh My!

  10. eukaryote cell prokaryotecell Prokaryote Structure • Unicellular • bacilli, cocci, spirilli • Size • 1/10 size of eukaryote cell • 1 micron (1um) • Internal structure • _________________________________ • _____________________________ • _____________________________ • _________________________________ • not wrapped around proteins

  11. Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote Chromosome Prokaryote Eukaryote double helix

  12. mitochondria chloroplast Variations in Cell Interior cyanobacterium(photosythetic) bacterium aerobic bacterium internal membranesfor respirationlike a mitochondrion(cristae) internal membranesfor photosynthesislike a chloroplast(thylakoids)

  13. outer membrane of lipopolysaccharides Gram-negative bacteria Gram-positive bacteria peptide side chains outer membrane cell wall peptidoglycan cell wall peptidoglycan plasma membrane plasma membrane protein Prokaryote Cell Wall Structure That’simportant foryour doctorto know! peptidoglycan = polysaccharides + amino acid chains lipopolysaccharides = lipids + polysaccharides

  14. Prokaryotic metabolism • How do bacteria acquire their energy & nutrients? • ___________________ • photosynthetic bacteria • ___________________ • oxidize inorganic compounds • nitrogen, sulfur, hydrogen… • ___________________ • live on plant & animal matter • decomposers & pathogens

  15. Genetic variation in bacteria • Mutations • bacteria can reproduce every 20 minutes • ______________________ • error rate in copying DNA • 1 in every 200 bacteria has a mutation • you have billions of E. coli in your gut! • lots of mutation potential! • Genetic recombination • bacteria swap genes • ____________________ • small supplemental circles of DNA • ____________________ • direct transfer of DNA conjugation

  16. Bacteria as pathogens • Disease-causing microbes • ___________________ • wilts, fruit rot, blights • ____________________ • tooth decay, ulcers • anthrax, botulism • plague, leprosy, “flesh-eating” disease • STDs: gonorrhea, chlamydia • typhoid, cholera • TB, pneumonia • lyme disease

  17. Bacteria as beneficial (& necessary) • Life on Earth is dependent on bacteria • ___________________________ • recycling of nutrients from dead to living • ___________________________ • only organisms that can fix N from atmosphere • needed for synthesis of proteins & nucleic acids • plant root nodules • ___________________________ • digest cellulose for herbivores • cellulase enzyme • produce vitamins K & B12 for humans • _________________________ • from yogurt to insulin

  18. Got any Questions?? Ask da’ BacterialBoss!

More Related