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BRIEF BACKGROUND ON THE GPH-CPP/NPA/NDF PEACE NEGOTIATIONS

BRIEF BACKGROUND ON THE GPH-CPP/NPA/NDF PEACE NEGOTIATIONS. Insurgency problem has been with us for 42 years Negotiations have spanned 24 years and 4 presidencies. This is the fifth Panel to conduct the negotiations. Over 40 rounds have been completed since 1992.

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BRIEF BACKGROUND ON THE GPH-CPP/NPA/NDF PEACE NEGOTIATIONS

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  1. BRIEF BACKGROUND ON THE GPH-CPP/NPA/NDF PEACE NEGOTIATIONS • Insurgency problem has been with us for 42 years • Negotiations have spanned 24 years and 4 presidencies. • This is the fifth Panel to conduct the negotiations. • Over 40 rounds have been completed since 1992. • More than 10 Agreements and Joint Statements signed by the Parties, including the CARHRIHL • 13 interruptions due to contentious & prejudicial issues (i.e, sovereignty, JASIG, abduction of military/police personnel, terrorist listing, others) .

  2. RWC-SER OF GPH AND NDF (L-R) Prof. Fernando Aldaba (GPH), Mr. Randall Echanis (NDF); Ms. Juliet De Lima (NDF-SER Chair) Mr. Ednar Dayanghirang (GPH-SER Chair); Mr. Rafael Baylosis (NDF); & Fr. Albert Alejo SJ (GPH)

  3. Public consultation on the GPH-NDFissues

  4. THE INVISIBLE WAR: BETWEEN GROUPS WITH DIFFERENT VALUES, KNOWLEDGES, ATTITUDES

  5. Challenging “Majority-Minority” Habit of Thinking • The majority now has not been the majority in the beginning. • Christians form the majority in the Philippines, but we are minority in the rest of Asia. • While Christians feel we are the majority in the country, actually, in some places like Basilan, Christians are a minority.

  6. Religions in the Philippines 84 million Philippine population Catholic Church = 83% Other Christians = 9% Muslims = 5 % Indigenous and other Religious Traditions = 3% Source: www.nationmaster.com

  7. Mindanao Population • 18 Indigenous groups 8.9% • 13 Islamized tribes 18.5% • “Kristiyanos”/ “settlers” 72.5%

  8. Provinces where Muslims are majority LANAO DEL SUR BASILAN SULU MAGUINDANAO S. KABUNSUAN TAWI-TAWI MINDANAO

  9. Public Land Law and Resettlement

  10. COTABATO 1918 CENSUS

  11. COTABATO 1939 CENSUS

  12. POPULATION CHANGE IN COTABATO 1918-1970

  13. RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION AND CONFLICT

  14. Trigger: How do religions get into conflict? Islam is a religion of peace. Christianity is a religion of love. But why do we witness so much fighting among Muslims and Christians? Why the deep and persistent prejudices hurled against each other? And this despite the many interreligious and interfaith dialogues? Presuming that religion is not the main culprit, how is religion “recruited” as it were into this friction? And to what extent are we part of this?

  15. Could it be the link between religion, culture, and history? Faith-based peace activists must understand the dynamics of religion, culture and conflict. E.g. Religion initiates individuals into a community. Community building, however, builds not just identity but boundary. Identity markers both define who is in and who is out. Formation of identity involves oppositional identity. This distinction, when taken too sharply, or too exclusively, can lead to fundamentalism or chauvinism.

  16. “COLONIZER” “COLONIZED” COLONIAL CONDITION IF YOU WANT PROGRESS, LEARN OUR WAYS. THEY’RE THE BEST! I MUST LEARN THEIR WAYS AND FORGET OURS.

  17. FROM INTERFAITH TO INTRAFAITH DIALOGUE

  18. Working on Prejudices A study reveals that both Muslims and Christians have developed prejudices against each other, but that Christians seem to have stronger prejudices against the Muslims. One problem is the prevalent lack of training in dialogue. Much of education is monologue, or debate---which often is nothing but a clash of two monologues.

  19. We need to engage in Intra-Faith Dialogue Existing peace initiatives are closing the gap between “dialogue Christians” and “dialogue Muslims”. But it is not clear whether we are closing the gap between the “dialogue Christians” and the “prejudiced Christians”, or between the “dialogue Muslims” and the “armed Muslims.”

  20. Bishops-Ulama Conference, 35th General Assembly, Jolo, Sulu, November 18-21, 2008 While we continue with interfaith activities, we shall also pursue authentic intrafaith dialogues among our own communities. We hope that through this open communication, we will find a way to face our own share in the prolonged problem in Mindanao as well as discover how we could go beyond our hurts and biases. Perhaps this holds a key to more creative solutions to the impasse in our peace process.

  21. TAYO-TAYO MUNA!Intrafaith Dialogue among Catholics in the Service of Interfaith Dialogue with Muslims and Lumads

  22. CORRUPTION AS VIOLENCE INTEGRITY AS PEACE

  23. Corruption and Violence Corruption is violence. Corruption kills. It destroys the environment. If destroys institutions. It destroys hope. Corruption makes people angry. Corrupt people refuse to accept that actions have consequences. My actions affect other people. And my bad decisions for the sake of my immediate benefit may destroy others’ dream in the future. Corruption snatches away hope. That is why corruption breeds conflict and war.

  24. Integrity as Peace If we want peace, we need to live a life of integrity. Integrity means you are not deceiving other people. Integrity means you are not taking away what is not yours. Integrity means not feeding your family with what you have stolen from other people’s family. Integrity means you are not getting rich or powerful through illegal and immoral means.

  25. Gold • Money speaks … • patronage for the campaign, for network-building • vote-buying and other illicit practices • political advertising [often in violation of the laws that place limits on media exposure], and other such activities.

  26. Corruption destroys the environment Logging and tree cutting Soil erosion- inappropriate agri system Irresponsible Mining and extractive industry Flooding & Flashfloods Landslides Drought

  27. Risk: Climate Change (Temperature) Very High Risk Areas: Maguindanao Sulu Basilan Mindanao is generally Agri-based and considered high risk if there is an increase in temperature.

  28. Education and Corruption Goverment Church Non-Government Business Leaders …Corruption in education affects more people than corruption in most other sectors and it affects the development potential of the whole country… EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS CORRUPTION

  29. Possible Areas of Corruption in the School Establishment of School Educational Activities Library Uniform Approval Employment Curriculum Textbooks Financial Administration Taxation Requests & Liquidations Appropriations Disciplinary Actions Students Work Time Examinations Teacher & Staff Report Card Task Allocation Personnel Matters

  30. The Overdue Challenge: Localization of Corruption Slide 17 The different facets and manifestations of corruption in the campus:

  31. Bullying is a serious matter!

  32. http://fvdb.wordpress.com/2010/07/25/plagiarist-supreme-court/http://fvdb.wordpress.com/2010/07/25/plagiarist-supreme-court/

  33. Catholic Schools • ‘Many graduates of Catholic schools have been successful economically and politically but they have also contributed to the dismal economic and political imbalances existing in our country’ (Plenary Council of the Philippines II, no. 267)

  34. CHURCH’S EXAMINATION OF CONSCIENCE

  35. V. CONFESSION OF SINS COMMITTED IN ACTIONS AGAINST LOVE, PEACE, THE RIGHTS OF PEOPLES, AND RESPECT FOR CULTURES AND RELIGIONS (POPE JOHN PAUL II, DAY OF PARDON, MARCH 12, 2000 • “Lord of the world, Father of all, through your Son you asked us to love our enemies, to do good to those who hate us and to pray for those who persecute us. Yet Christians have often denied the Gospel; yielding to a mentalíty of power, they have violated the rights of ethnic groups and peoples, and shown contempt for their cultures and religious traditions: be patient and merciful towards us, and grant us your forgiveness! We ask this through Christ our Lord.”

  36. CANADIAN OBLATES OF MARY IMMACULATE (1991) • “We apologize for the part we played in the cultural, ethnic, linguistic, religious imperialism that was part of the mentality within which the peoples of Europe first met the aboriginal peoples and which consistently has lurked behind the way the Native peoples of Canada have been treated by civil governments and by the Churches. We were, naively, part of this mentality and were, in fact, often a key player in its implementation.”

  37. Jesuits confession in GC 34: Intuition and alienation “Our intuition is that the Gospel resonates with what is good in each culture. At the same time, we acknowledge that we have not always followed this intuition. We have not always recognized that aggression and coercion have no place in the preaching of the Gospel of freedom, especially in cultures which are vulnerable to manipulation by more powerful forces. We have often contributed to the alienation of the very people we wanted to serve” (90-92)

  38. FRANCISCAN PROVINCE OF SAN FELIPE DE JESUS TO THE MAYAN PEOPLE (MANI, YUCATAN 2009) We ask forgiveness of the Mayan people for not having understood your world view and your religion and for having denied your deities; for not having respected your culture and for having imposed upon you for many centuries a religion that you did not understand; for having demonized your religious practices and for having declared in word and writing that they were works of the devil and that your idols were Satan incarnate…

  39. Considering Forgiveness During a number of sessions on clan conflict and interfaith dialogue, forgiveness was mentioned both by Muslims and Christians. While nobody thought it was easy, nobody seems to claim that it was impossible. A few testimonies proved it was necessary.

  40. Testimony of Datu Toto Paglas As a young boy, he witnessed the murder of his father. He was old enough to remember, but too young to fight. When he grew up, his relatives told him to revenge. But Toto Paglas refused. Later, his younger brother was killed. Again, he decided not to be like his brother’s murderer. When another brother was killed, his relatives volunteered to take vengeange into their hands. Toto stopped them, saying that if he killed another person, the family of that person will take another life back, and the cycle will not stop.

  41. From Arms to Farms “I believe that real peace is in education and livelihood. If people are not educated, then the only pride they have is to own and use a gun. If the people are hungry, they can not think properly; they fight for their family. So I converted our land into a plantation. I hired the members of the family that killed my father and my brothers. Now I can walk even without a body guard. I am at peace.”—Toto Paglas

  42. Celebrating Culture of Peace

  43. Peace Village: Village of Peace, Children of Peace Presented by:Estrella Abid-Babano, CESO IIIRegional DirectorDepED X, Cagayan de Oro City

  44. Peace Campaigns ☺“Kids Say NO to Guns” From instruments of death to nurturing of life. Converting arms to farms

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