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RNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

RNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS. RNA. R ibo N ucleic A cid Like DNA: Consists of nucleotides Unlike DNA: Ribose sugar, not Deoxyribose RNA is single stranded RNA contains Uracil in place of Thymine Can leave the nucleus. Types of RNA. Messenger RNA (mRNA)

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RNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

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  1. RNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

  2. RNA RiboNucleicAcid Like DNA: • Consists of nucleotides Unlike DNA: • Ribose sugar, not Deoxyribose • RNA is single stranded • RNA contains Uracil in place of Thymine • Can leave the nucleus

  3. Types of RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA) • Takes the code from DNA out of the nucleus Transfer RNA (tRNA) • Contains the exact opposite code of mRNA • Brings over amino acids to build proteins Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) • Makes up ribosomes

  4. DNA -----> RNA -----> Protein • PROTEIN SYNTHESIS (making proteins) • Going from DNA to RNA is called Transcription • Going from RNA to Protein is called Translation

  5. Reading the Genetic Code • The genetic code (DNA or RNA) is read in a sequence of 3 bases at a time. • Example: AUUGAGCGUCCU • Every 3 bases on an mRNA strand called a “codon” • Every 3 bases on a tRNA strand called an “anticodon”

  6. Steps in Protein Synthesis • DNA untwists and unzips. • mRNA is formed from the one side of the DNA molecule called the template side. • mRNA travels out of the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome

  7. tRNA joins the mRNA at the ribosome. Each tRNA contains 3 bases and has an amino acid attached to it. • Once each tRNA drops off its amino acid, the amino acids bond to each other. (polypeptide bond) • When the amino acid chain is complete, the mRNA and tRNA break away leaving only the newly formed protein chain, aka a polypeptide.

  8. CONFUSED???? • This process is hard to understand by simply reading a set of steps, so click on the links below to see different animations of this process: • www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJxobgkPEAo • www.learnerstv.com/animation/biology/Proteinsynthesis.swf • http://www.americanbookcompany.com/science/

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