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Learn how to effectively answer text-based questions by grounding your responses in evidence from the text. This guide provides strategies for closed and open-ended questions, along with tips for reading comprehension and multiple-choice questions.
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What are Text Based Questions? • Text based questions are questions that require students to firmly ground their answer in the text instead of using generalizations. They require students to use evidence from the text to answer the questions instead of relying on speculation, personal experience, or background knowledge. • In order to prepare students to meet the demands of the Common Core in literacy, students are required to ground reading, writing and discussion in evidence from text. • Text based questions may be closed or open ended. • Closed based questions are those that require students to find one answer in the text. • Open ended questions are questions about texts that have multiple responses that are based on evidence from the text. Open ended questions require an in depth response that is supported with evidence from the text.
Examples of Close and Open ended Questions • Close-ended questions What is the boy’s name? How does Roger feel when he is caught? What does the word reveal mean? • Open-ended questions What do you know about Roger? Use evidence from the text to support your response. How does the main character change from the beginning of the story to the end?
Testing tips-Reading Comprehension and Multiple Choice Questions • Make sure you understand the instruction clearly. • Pay attention to every detail in the question. • Try to answer the question first without looking at the list of choices. • If you know the answer, select it from the list of choices and move on. • If you don’t know the answer, look at the choices and use the process of elimination to narrow down the choices. • Verify whether or not there is an “all of the above” or “none of the above” choices before selecting your first choice answer. • 1. Read the title- The title reveals a lot of information about the text. • 2. Review the pictures/charts- these pictures are present as they help to further understand what is happening in the text. • 3. Pay attention to any small boxes that offer vocabulary definitions. • 4. Underline key areas where answers may be found.
Short Answer Response • Remember to RACE R- Restate the question- reword the question means that you are to restate the question and make it into a statement as a part of the answer you provide. A-Answer the question – In order to answer the question, you need to understand what you are being asked, and then make sure you provide the answer to that specific question. C-Cite the evidence from the text- As the constructed response question is mean to show how well you comprehend and were able to draw inferences from the essay prompt, it is essential that you give examples from the text to show how they support your answer. E-Explain the evidence- In addition to the evidence you have cited from the prompt, you will need to supply your own reasoning for why you think your answer is correct.
Sample of a Short Answer Response • R and A are in red. C and E are in blue. How are paragraphs 1-4 alike? Use two details from “Excerpt from How To Convince Your Parents You Can Care for A Kitten” to support your response. Paragraphs 1 through 4 are alike because they all ask questions about kittens and then they answer it. For example, the text says, “Have your parents said that a pet would be too messy in the house? Kittens are neat and tidy animals. The text also says, “Do your parents think it cost too much for a pet? You can tell them that kittens are not too expensive. That tells me how paragraphs 1-4 are alike.
Checklist for Short Answer Responses • ___ indent • ___Restate the question ( no answers) • ___Answer the question (no examples) • ___First text evidence- begin with a transition word followed by a comma. • ___Second text evidence- begin with a transition word followed by a comma. • ___Explain
Textual Evidence Sentence Starters • According to the passage, • According to the text, • For example, • For instance, • In paragraph ___, it states…. • The author describes… • The author implies…. • The author’s words show…. • The reader can infer…
Elaboration Stems- Explain your Thinking • This is important because… • This means… • In other words… • This proves…. • This shows… • This supports the idea that…. Because…. • This connects with… • This illustrates… • This reveals….
Sample of a Short Response #2 • Question: How do Jake and Robert find the North Star? Use two details from the story to support your response. Jake and Robert find the North Star. They find the North Star by following the order of the steps to find it. For example, they first had to look for the Big Dipper and look for two tars at the end of the Big Dipper. In addition, they had to imagine a line. The end of the line was the North Star. This is how Jake and Robert found the North Star.
Structures of Extended Response • Introduction: This should include the name or title, author, genre with a restate of the question. • Body Paragraph 1- Restate the prompt with an ANSWER. Use at least TWO DETAILS from the text to support your answer. Lastly, explain how the text evidence supports the answer. Remember to use sentence starters to show your examples. • Body Paragraph 2: Repeat same format as body paragraph 1. • Body Paragraph 3: Only if there is a third prompt, REPEAT same format as body paragraph 1. • Conclusion: Possible examples for the conclusion paragraph…. • In conclusion… • This teaches… • From the text people should learn….
Possible Example of an Extended Response • Question: What does the reader learn about the kind of person Emma is? How do Emma’s actions show the kind of person she is. Use details from the story to support your response. In “Excerpt from Leaving Emma,” the reader learns that Emma is a helpful and caring person. This is shown through he actions throughout the story. Emma is a helpful person because she is good about helping her mom while her dad is away. One actions that shows this is when she rakes the leaves for he mom. Emma doesn’t complain about it all, and even makes it fun by inviting her friend, Tem to help. Another way she is helpful is when she helps Tem with the North Dakota report. She did a lot of research and drew a flag for the cover. These details show she is a hard worker and will help out when needed. There are many examples in the story that show Emma as a caring person. For instance, when she holds her dad’s pocket watch at night thinking about him it shows she is caring. The text states, “When I wound the watch, I thought about how I wanted time to speed up to bring Dad home and I wanted time to slow down so Tem could be my best friend longer. These thoughts show Emma is thinking every night about her dad and missing him. She also really cares about Tem and is wanting time to slow down so they can be together longer. Another ations that shows Emma is caring is when she makes a journal. She writes words in the journal so she can remember things to talks bout with her dad. This proves this is a thoughtful thing to do because it shows how she misses her dad and wants to share her life with him each day. In the story Emma is a helpful and caring person. You can see this when she helps her mom, it a good friend to Tem and misses her dad.
