NRL Monterey Aerosol Group Members and Expertise

1. Collaborative Possibilities for CalWater2 NRL Monterey Aerosol Group Members and Expertise James Campbell Naval Research Laboratory Monterey, CA 23 April 2014 Anthony Bucholtz Radiative measurements, tactical decision aids James R. CampbellCloud and aerosol Lidar Cynthia A. Curtis Products, distribution, transitions Edward J. Hyer Satellite data quality, biomass burning Elizabeth A. Reid Field deployments, data analysis Jeffrey S. Reid Aerosol microphysics, radiation and observability Annette L. Walker Global dust sources, operators Douglas L. Westphal Global and regional aerosol modeling

2. Coastal Facility for Atmospheric Research (CFAR) • Purpose: • Operational testingof NRL-MRY's atmospheric instrument suites prior to deployment. • Long-termmeasurements in a coastal marine environment for model validation. • Reference 'standards' for validation and calibration of field instruments. CFAR Rooftop Observation Deck ‘First Light’ on 29Dec2013 NREL site

3. Coastal Facility for Atmospheric Research (CFAR) Instrumentation • Weather Stations, IR Hygrometer/CO2, and Visiometer • Surface met conditions • Lateral Visibility • - Gas Monitors (Ozone and SO2) • Mass concentrations • Aerosol particle sizing • Aerosol size distribution and concentration at surface • Aerosol Particle Samplers • Mass concentrations and physical properties • Aerosol Particle Scattering and Absorption • MPLNet Lidar • Time-height distribution of: • - aerosols and clouds • - aerosol optical depth (estimate) • 523 nm eye-safe lidar; night and day • Polarization-sensitive (pending) • AERONET Sun Photometer • Aerosol Optical Depth: 340, 380, 440, 500, 675, 870, 940, and 1020 nm • High daytime temporal resolution • Potentially multiple instruments • Solar/IR/UV Radiometers • Total, Direct, Diffuse Solar Radiation at surface • Downwelling IR irradiance at surface • Downwelling UV at surface • Ceilometer • Cloud base heights All instrumentation is deployable

4. CFAR Lidar Profiling of Asian Dust Instrument will become polarization-sensitive in FY15 Still, without depolarization, dust scattering is very distinct in lidar measurements

5. Aerosol/Cloud Airborne Measurement Capability Development of Stabilized Platform/Radiometer Package Utilization of CIRPAS Aircraft * Run by NPS in partnership with Cal Tech * Full complement of instrumentation to support atmospheric and oceanographic research: - Met: T, P, RH, dropsondes - Cloud/Aerosol: size, concentration, composition - Radiation (in development): up and downwelling solar/IR flux, AOD • Eliminates one of the biggest sources of error and the most time-consuming data reduction step in airborne radiometer measurements • Platform level to within +/- 0.02 deg CIRPAS Twin Otter

6. Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS) The U.S. Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS) is an operational global aerosol transport model used to forecast visibility conditions for fleet operations and motivate basic research. http://www.nrlmry.navy.mil/aerosol 6-day forecasts every 6 hours of global sulfate, SO2, dust, smoke and sea-salt mass concentrations. Grid: .33°x.33°degree; 25 sigma levels to 100 mb

7. NAAPS Support and Source Product Development FLAMBÉ: Global Fire Emissions in Near Real Time • Active Fire detections from NASA/Geostationary Satellites • 4,000/day from MODIS-Terra • 8,000/day from MODIS-Aqua • Hourly estimates of carbon, trace gas, and particulate emissions • Reid, J. S. et al.: Global Monitoring and Forecasting of Biomass-Burning Smoke: Description of and Lessons from the Fire Locating and Modeling of Burning Emissions (FLAMBE) Program, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2, 144-162, 2009. • Hyer, E. J., and Chew, B. N.: Aerosol transport model evaluation of an extreme smoke episode in Southeast Asia, Atmos. Environ., 44, 1422-1427, 2010. • NRL Monterey Dust Source Database • Using Machine Learning to identify active global dust sources at 1 km2 resolution • Combined MODIS and multi-spectral geostationary algorithms used to identify active dust regions • Walker, A. L., M. Liu, S. D. Miller, K. A. Richardson, and D. L. Westphal (2009), Development of a dust source database for mesoscale forecasting in southwest Asia, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D18207, doi:10.1029/2008JD011541.

8. International Cooperative for Aerosol Prediction: Formalizing the Aerosol Prediction Community • After an initial 2010 Monterey meeting, aerosol forecast system developers meet annually under the ICAP umbrella. • Developers do not officially speak for their lab or make commitments, but rather gather discuss problems and best practices. • ICAP allows developers to speak as a community and make scientific recommendations. • “Ticket to Ride” is a global aerosol model running at least quasi operationally or a global satellite data provider. • Current model members: BSC, ECMWF, JMA, NASA GMAO, NOAA NCEP, NRL, UKMO • ICAP has made significant headway in convincing international agencies to expend resources on aerosol forecasting problems. EUMETSAT