1 / 73

WORLD WAR II

WORLD WAR II. Axis Powers Germany Italy Japan. Allies Britain France Soviet Union USA. Nazi Germany and USSR sign a non-aggression pact in 1939 . In 1939 Hitler and Stalin have a meeting and sign a non-aggression pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union

emlyn
Download Presentation

WORLD WAR II

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. WORLD WAR II

  2. Axis Powers • Germany • Italy • Japan • Allies • Britain • France • Soviet Union • USA

  3. Nazi Germany and USSR sign a non-aggression pact in 1939 • In 1939 Hitler and Stalin have a meeting and sign a • non-aggression pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union • Stalin knew that Hitler hated communism but still signed the treaty • because he knew that Hitler was planning to attack Poland and Stalin wanted in land in eastern Poland Poland

  4. By 1939 – Nazi Germany either controlled or was allied with these countries

  5. September 1939 Germany Invades Poland. Britain and France declare war on Germany. WWII Begins

  6. Questions 1. what were some features of the Maginot Line?2. Was the Maginot line a waste? 3. Describe what the Germans did to take Fort EbenEmael4. Why didn’t the French heavily defend the Ardennes Forest? 5. What did the French officer who committed suicide say?6. Why didn't thousands of British, French and Belgium soldiers die or get captured at Dunkirk?7. Approximately, how many British, French and Belgium soldiers were rescued?

  7. Britain and France had recently “appeased” Hitler and hoped that he wasn’t going to take anymore land • In August of 1939 the Germans started a build up of troops on the Polish border • Both Britain and France declared that they would go to war if Hitler attacked Poland

  8. On September 1, 1939 Germany launched a blitzkrieg (lightning war) against Poland. This was the official start of WWII This made England and France declare war on Germany but they could not help Poland. Poland surrendered in 3 weeks

  9. Blitzkrieg:“lightning warfare” Super Fast invasion of planes bombing strategic places Paratroopers dropping behind enemy lines Thousands of tanks smashing through defensive positions

  10. Panzers Luftwaffe • German tanks • German air force

  11. “Phony War” or “sitzkrieg • After the invasion of Poland in 1939 the rest of Europe was waiting for Hitler’s next move • And Waited they did • October, Nov., Dec., Jan., Feb. March (6months) • French and British soldiers just sitting in the bunkers of the Maginot Line waiting for the German attack

  12. WW.W II EUROPE 1939-1945 name: _____________________ • Notes: • Maginot Line • Ft. EbenEmael • Ardennes Forest • Junker (airplane) • BEF (British Expeditionary Force) • Dunkirk

  13. Maginot Line: a thousand mile, multi-billion dollar defense line on the French /German border containing thousands of cannons, tank traps, ammunition depots, rail lines, hospitals

  14. Fort EbenEmael

  15. The wait ended on April 9, 1940 • Hitler launched a massive blitzkrieg against Denmark and bombed their major cities. • The Danish King surrendered his country in 4 hours in attempt to save lives.

  16. Next was Norway. • Norway put up a stiff resistance and had many resistors throughout the war • But within 2 months Norway was defeated

  17. In May the Nazi war machine moved into the countries of the Netherlands and Belgium • In 2 weeks in a was pretty was done and Hitler was preparing for his assault on France Dunkirk

  18. Evacuation @ Dunkirk

  19. France; • - A world power, - • -Britain’s major ally, surrenders in only 3 weeks! • 3 WEEKS!

  20. The French were so scared that they hid their art

  21. Poland- 3 weeks • Denmark- 4 hours • Norway- 2 months • Netherlands and Belgium- 2 weeks • France- 3 weeks • Who’s Next?

  22. Winston Churchill the British Prime Minister during WWII? • Hitler asked Churchill for a non-aggression treaty and Churchill told him to ________ • “We will NEVA SURRENDA!” SWAG

  23. Winston Churchill: Prime Minister of Great Britain during W.W.II • “we will nevasurrenda”

  24. Finish these sentences Winston Churchill… The Luftwaffe… Technological advances that helped the British were… The RAF… Terror bombing… The reason Hitler called off the invasion was… The Battle of Britain is important because…

  25. The Battle of Britain • August 1940 – April 1941 • Hitler wanted the Luftwaffe to gain “air superiority” over the channel and southern England before launching his amphibious invasion • At first Luftwaffe bombers caused significant damage - bombing British airplane factories and shipyards • Brits regularly heard air raid sirens and retreated to solid steel underground bunkers to sleep in at night. Children were moved to agriculture areas in the north • Britain was helped by its wide array of radar towers that are set up all over southern England • But England’s biggest and best weapon is its knowledge of the German code due to years of work by brilliant code breakers that had come upon a German military “Enigma” code-making machine • Throughout the war, the British always knew what the Germans were going to do as a result of this knowledge. Great lengths were required to ensure that the Germans would never find out that their code had been figured out

  26. “Terror” bombing • Bombing the heart of cities (historic buildings, houses, churches) • to terrorize a country and break their will to fight

  27. Radar Towers and an “enigma machine” (code machine) which helped the British create “Ultra” a powerful code-breaking computer so that the British always knew what the Germans were going to do

  28. RAF: (Royal Air Force) Britain’s Air force

  29. “Terror” bombing • In September of 1940 the British bombed the German capital Berlin. This act infuriated Hitler and caused him to switch his strategy to bombing cities and civilians centers • The goal in terror bombing is attempt to break the will of your opponents desire to fight • Try to kill many innocent people and destroy famous and historic buildings so that it demoralizes a nation • Luftwaffe bombers dropped tons of bombs destroying major parts of many of England’s bigger cities • However, on each raid, the Luftwaffe would lose planes to RAF fighters and anti-aircraft artillery so they decided to switch to night bombing • Brits spent many nights sleeping in subways and air raid shelters

  30. Results of the Battle of Britain • Each Raid both sides would lose planes • Planes are expensive! • Germany was losing 10 -20 airplanes in every raid • One raid the Germans lost over 30 planes! • yes, they were trading but England’s factories were replacing planes faster than the Germans could • Frustrated Hitler called off plans for his invasion of Britain to concentrate his military’s power for a spring invasion of the Soviet Union

  31. Some of the numbers and comment • Total civilian losses for England stood at 23,000 killed and 35,000 wounded • The RAF lost 1087 planes but the Luftwaffe lost 1,652! • During this time period British factories turned out some 2354 new aircraft while German manufacturers only made about 1, 000 new airplanes • It was the first “loss” for Hitler and the Nazi war machine • Britain’s heroics made a huge psychological statement to the rest of the world • The Nazi war machine COULD be beaten! • Also, as a result of the victory public opinion in the US began to change where it was once thought that Britain could not withstand Germany’s massive firepower and would eventually surrender • The British victory over the Nazis is held in the same esteem as Waterloo (the defeat of Napoleon) and is celebrated yearly • Most importantly, the end of the Battle of Britain allowed the UK to rebuild its military forces as establish itself as an allied stronghold from which to launch bombing raids and the eventual British/US D-Day invasion of Normandy, France • Had Britain surrendered – most believe that the 20 century would’ve played out much differently

  32. Why would Hitler Invade USSR? • Because…

  33. Lebensraum (living space for the master race) Nazis wanted to destroy communism Resources: Russia had oil, wheat and coal Russia had the most Jews Europe can have only 1 master

  34. Is the main idea Paragraph #1 A. Operation Barbarossa B. the invasion was delayed for years C. the general goals for the invasion Paragraph #2 A. the German front line was 1,000 miles long B. description of the 3 main parts of the invasion C. When Hitler planned to be finished by

  35. Invasion of The Soviet Union Yugoslavia and Greece fought and lost in about 2 weeks Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria were “persuaded” to join theNazis

  36. Nazis on the Greek Acropolis

  37. Code name “Operation Barbarosa” • Largest invasion in History • 3 speared attack • Leningrad, Moscow • Stalingrad • Russians destroyed their own country trying to stop the Germans • The winter froze the Germans • Germany lost 2/3 of its army • Russia lost 20 million but still won

  38. CLOSING ACTIVITY Finish these sentences 1.The 3 cities that Germany went after were…. 2. Scorched earth policy means… 3. In Leningrad… 4. Hitler wanted Stalingrad because…. 5. The Russian winter… 6. The Battle of Stalingrad….

  39. Finish these sentences The “key” or goal of fighting in North Africa was… During WWII Mussolini and Italy… Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria… Greece in WWII… The battle of Leningrad (St. Petersburg) … Russian winters…. Germany lost ________ in the Battle for Russia

  40. Leningrad 1941-1944 • Germans surrounded the city for 3 years • bitter cold • No food • People ate dogs, cats • rats, humans • Over a million Russians dead • But the Russians never surrendered

  41. Moscow 1941-1943 • Germans got within • A hundred miles of • Moscow • again bitter cold (-30) • Gasoline in the tanks • froze, guns jammed • Russians counter attacked • Germans lost over 500,000 • Moscow was never taken

  42. Stalingrad • Hitler wanted Stalingrad • for the oil in the area • But more because it bore the name “Stalin” • July 1942-Feb 1943 • 90% of city destroyed • Germans lost 200,000 • And 91,000 Germans • Surrendered – • Russians loss 2 million • Turning point of the war

  43. The Battle of Kursk • Largest tank battle in history • Hitler trying to destroy the brunt of Russia’s main military • After 11 days the German offensive was halted • Germany lost 1,000 tanks and 200,000 men • Hitler’s final attempt at victory had failed

  44. Russia’s best soldier • GENERAL WINTER

  45. The way Russia views WWII • It’s called The Great Patriotic War to save the motherland not WWII • Russia lost 20 million! in comparison – Germany 7 mill, USA 400 thous – Britain 300 thous, japan 5 mill • Their entire country was destroyed – land burnt, dams destroyed, cities thrashed, no one went to school – everyone participated in the war effort • THEY defeated Hitler • THEY destroyed 70% of the German military • THEY took the German capital of Berlin and made Hitler kill himself • THEY have Hitler’s ashes and skull

More Related