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5.2

5.2. Louis XIV of France. Henry of Navarre. Henry IV becomes first king of Bourbon dynasty There is much conflict between Huguenots (Protestant) & Catholics Henry converts to Catholicism because most of France is Catholic and he is not popular – want to heal social wounds

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5.2

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  1. 5.2 Louis XIV of France

  2. Henry of Navarre • Henry IV becomes first king of Bourbon dynasty • There is much conflict between Huguenots (Protestant) & Catholics • Henry converts to Catholicism because most of France is Catholic and he is not popular – want to heal social wounds • Signs Edict of Nantes – allows Huguenots to live peacefully in France

  3. Cardinal Richelieu • Louis XIII reigns after father Henry assassinated • Louis = weak king but appoints Cardinal Richelieu • Cardinal Richelieu rules France • Richelieu increases power of monarchy • Forbids Huguenot cities to have walls

  4. Cardinal Richelieu • Richelieu increases power of monarchy • Decreases power of other nobles • Removes their castles • Increases power of government agents that do job of nobles • Fights “Thirty Years War” against Hapsburgs (Spain, Austria, Netherlands, Holy Roman Empire) • Wants to increase French power in Europe

  5. Skepticism • New philosophy of skepticism becomes popular • Skepticism = nothing can ever be known for certain • Question everything • Montaigne & Descartes = French philosophers • The essay developed – short literature expressing thoughts & opinions

  6. Louis XIV • Louis XIV = most powerful French monarch ever • Louis XIV believed he & government were the same • 14 years old when comes to power • Nobles lead riots against young king – Louis determined to never let that happen again

  7. Louis XIV • Louis weakens noble power • Excludes them from council • Allows intendants (gvt. officials) to collect taxes & administer justice • Jean Baptiste Colbert = Minister of Finance • Believes in mercantilism • Increase tariff on imports • Encourages migration to French colony of Canada • Colbert dies – Louis changes some policies; slows French economy • Cancels the Edict of Nantes – So What? • Huguenot business owners flee country

  8. Louis XIV • Controls nobles • Requires them to live at his palace • Help him get dressed • Looking for any sort of recognition from Louis • Ignored those that did not honor him • This forces nobles to be dependant on Louis • Allows intendants to work without noble interference

  9. Louis XIV • Huge patron of the arts • Art created to glorify him • Palace of Versailles

  10. Louis and War • Under Louis, France = most powerful country in Europe • Tries to expand French borders by invading Dutch – Dutch food countryside • Other European nations combine to stop Louis – want balance of power • Alliance created – England, Austrian Hapsburg, Spain, Sweden = French strength

  11. War of Spanish Succession 1701-1714 • Charles II of Spain dies w/o children and promises his throne to Philip of Anjou (Louis XIV’s grandson) • Two most powerful countries in Europe, former enemies, now ruled by one family • Other European countries fight to prevent this from happening • Philip allowed to remain king, but could not unite Spanish & French throne

  12. War of Spanish Succession 1701-1714 • Big winner = England • Control Gibraltar (entrance to Mediterranean Sea) from Spain • Allowed to send slaves to Spain’s colonies • Gets Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, Hudson Bay from France • Austrian Hapsburgs get Netherlands, part of Italy • Prussia & Savoy recognized as independent kingodms in central Europe

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