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Asexual Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction. Mitosis. DSQ: Mitosis is the process in which the nucleus divides to form two new nuclei. How does mitosis differ in plants and animals?. Mrs. Camp 7 th Grade Life Science. 1. What is a Chromosome?. What is a Chromosome?.

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Asexual Reproduction

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  1. Asexual Reproduction Mitosis DSQ: Mitosis is the process in which the nucleus divides to form two new nuclei. How does mitosis differ in plants and animals? Mrs. Camp 7th Grade Life Science 1

  2. What is a Chromosome?

  3. What is a Chromosome? • Contains the genetic information in form of genes which control how an animal or plant grows and what it becomes.

  4. Importance of maintaining species chromosome number • Each species has a specific number of chromosomes in its body cells: which is called chromosome numbers for that species. **Research why a potato has more chromosomes than humans

  5. Asexual Reproduction Mitosis DSQ: Mitosis is the process in which the nucleus divides to form two new nuclei. How does mitosis differ in plants and animals? ANALYZE (break apart, study the pieces) There is a question within a question in this DSQ. Can you identify the question within the DSQ? 5

  6. How do little elephants grow up to be BIG elephants?

  7. Why do animals shed their skin?

  8. The process of asexual reproduction begins after a sperm fertilizes an egg.

  9. Three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction: 1. Growth 2. Repair 3. Replacement Skin cancer - the abnormal growth of skin cells - most often develops on skin exposed to the sun. Cell that reproduce by asexual reproduction reproduce constantly.

  10. Animated Mitosis Cycle http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase & Cytokinesis

  11. Interphase occurs before mitosis begins • Cell is prepared for division • Chromosomes become shorter and fatter (easily seen) • Chromosomes are copied (# doubles) • Forms two chromatids joined at a centromere. • Chromosomes appear as threadlike coils (chromatin) at the start, but each chromosome and its copy(sister chromosome) change to sister chromatids at end of this phase CELL MEMBRANE Nucleus Cytoplasm

  12. Interphase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

  13. Prophase 1st step in Mitosis • Mitosisbegins (cell begins to divide) • Chromosomes( made of two chromatids) are visible • Nucleolus shrinks and disappears • Centrioles(or poles) appear and begin to move to opposite end of the cell. • Spindle fibersform between the poles. • Nuclear envelope breaks down Centrioles Sister chromatids Spindle fibers

  14. Prophase Plant Cell Animal Cell Spindle fibers Centrioles Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

  15. Metaphase 2nd step in Mitosis • Chromatids(or pairs of chromosomes) attach to the spindle fibers. • Chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell • Chromatids are joined by a centromere Centrioles Spindle fibers

  16. Metaphase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

  17. Anaphase 3rdstep in Mitosis • Chromatids(or pairs of chromosomes) separate and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell. • Chromatids reach opposite sides of the cell • Exact copies of chromosomes are at both sides of the cell. Centrioles Spindle fibers

  18. Anaphase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

  19. Telophase 4th step in Mitosis • Chromosomes lengthen as they unravel • Nuclear envelope forms around each group of chromosomes to make two nuclei • Two new nucleiform. • Chromosomes appear as chromatin (threadsrather than rods). • Mitosisends. Nuclei Nuclei Chromatin

  20. Telophase Plant Cell Animal Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

  21. Cytokinesisoccurs after mitosis • Cell membrane moves inward to create two daughter cells – each with its own nucleuswith identical chromosomes.

  22. Animal Mitosis -- Review

  23. Plant Mitosis -- Review

  24. Cell Cycle

  25. - Cell Division The Cell Cycle 26

  26. MitosisAnimation

  27. Quiz#1 vocab • Define the following: • 1. Chromosomes • 2.Chromatin • 3.Chromatid • 4. Holds the sister chromatids together • 5. Meaning of DNA?

  28. Mitosis • Cell division that occurs in all BODY CELL except in Gamete formation. • Results in identical cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes and the same combination of genes. • Cell= Diploid or 2n( meaning the whole full chromosome number) • Essential for Repair and Growth. • Reproduce asexually= identical offsprings • * Mitosis ensures that chromosome # is maintained • * Mitosis ensure that daughter cell recieves an identical combination of genes.

  29. Do you remember? • What happens when the male gamete fuses with the female gamete? (fertilization) • What forms ? THEN What happens?

  30. Well! • The zygote forms which is Two Cells and starts to Divide into a bunch of identical cells (mitosis) which turns into a blastocyst then an embryo

  31. Question • If a rabbit has 48 chromosomes , body cells divide by Mitosis and produces two sister cells. How many Chromosomes will the sister cell have?

  32. Question • If a rabbit has 48 chromosomes , body cells divide by Mitosis and produces two sister cells. How many Chromosomes will the sister cell have? • 2n or 48 chromosomes

  33. Replication of chromosomes • Replication is the process during interphase by which chromosomes is able to copy itself exactly. • Chromosome carries an exact copy of itself in the form of deoxyribonucleid acid (DNA). • Double Helix process

  34. Double helix

  35. Booklet: mitosis and asexual reproduction • Introduction : Asexual reproduction • Body: Binary fission, Vegetative propagation, cuttings, grafting, tissue culture, cloning • On tissue culture: How it works? list the advantages and disadvantages • On cloning of animals: How it works? List advantages and disadvantages • Provide Visuals, Researchers who are working on these.(evidence) • Reference page: where did you get your info, • 35pts: 5 intro, 15 body, 5 visuals, 5 Evidence, 5refernece page.

  36. Materials need 4 Thursday • 3 strawberries. Frozen strawberries should be thawed at room temperature. • 50ml Dishwasher deterent • 15 grams NaCl (salt) • 1 small ice pack • 1 Ziploc TM bag • 1 clear conical tube • 1 funnel lined with a moistened paper towel • 1 cotton swab • 1 liter water

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