1 / 20

Alfred Chandler

Alfred Chandler. 1918-Present. Who On Earth Is This Guy?. Educator Author Historian. Family History. Father - Alfred DuPont Chandler Mother - Carol Ramsay Born 1918 - Guyencourt, Delaware 1944 - Married Fay Martin Had Four Children. Education. 1940 - Graduated from Harvard College

elmer
Download Presentation

Alfred Chandler

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Alfred Chandler 1918-Present

  2. Who On Earth Is This Guy? • Educator • Author • Historian

  3. Family History • Father - Alfred DuPont Chandler • Mother - Carol Ramsay • Born 1918 - Guyencourt, Delaware • 1944 - Married Fay Martin • Had Four Children

  4. Education • 1940 - Graduated from Harvard College • 1940-1945 - Navy - Lt. Commander • 1947 - Masters from Harvard • 1952 - Ph.D. Harvard • Bunch of Honorary Degrees

  5. Educator • 1950-1951 Research Associate, MIT • 1951-1964 Instructor - Professor, MIT • 1963-1971 Professor, Johns Hopkins • 1966-1970 Dept. Chair, Johns Hopkins • 1964-1971 Director, Center for Study of Recent American History • 1971-1989 Straus Professor of Business History, Harvard • 1989- Emeritus

  6. Author • 1956, Henry Varnum Poor • 1962, Strategy and Structure (Newcomen Award, 1964) • 1965, The Railroads • 1971, Pierre S. duPont (with Stephen Salsbury) • 1978, The Visible Hand (Pulitzer & Bancroft Prizes) • 1980, Managerial Hierarchies (with Richard Tedlow) • 1985, The Coming of Managerial Capitalism • 1988, The Essential Alfred Chandler

  7. Historian • Economic History Association (President 1971-1972) • Organization for American Historians • Society for the History of Technology • Historical Association • American Antiquarian Society • American Historians • Massachusetts Historical Society • American Academy of Arts and Sciences • American Philosophical Society

  8. His Basis • Business Week • Historical Perspective

  9. Strategy and Structure • “Structure in big business enterprises follows strategy” • What is Strategy? • What Drives Changes in Strategy? • Multi-Purpose Divisional Structure • Role of Business Leaders • Key Impact on Large Industry

  10. Perspective

  11. The Visible Hand • Adam Smith • Business: Two Phases • Modern Business Is

  12. The Visible Hand • Fundamental Changes • Production • Distribution • Markets • Integration • Human Aspect

  13. The Visible Hand - Progression Founders Ownership (Diffused) Middle Managers Top Mgmt. Middle Managers

  14. Business Development • Second Industrial Revolution • Old Industries Transformed • New Industries Developed • Economic Growth and Development • International Expansion • Capital-Intensive Markets

  15. Organizational Capabilities • First Movers • Market Share Changes - Non-Econ! • Theories of the Firm • Neoclassical Theory • Principal-agent Theory • Transactions Cost Theory • Evolutionary Theory

  16. Organizational Capabilities • International Competition • Held Back by World Events • Reality in 1960’s • Core Competence • Diversification • Divestiture

  17. Profit Growth • Short-Term • Long-Term • Geographic • Product

  18. Criticisms • Strategy and Structure • Tom Peters • Mintzberg • The Visible Hand • Nothing noted about newer techniques • Nothing said of behavior sciences • Importance of the human element • Failure to provide evidence • Evaluation of social costs and benefits

  19. Summary • Historian • Studied Large Industrial Business History • Conclusions: • Structure Follows Strategy • Decentralized, Multi-Purpose Divisional Structure is Optimum • The ‘Visible Hand’ of Management has Taken the Place of Adam Smith’s ‘Invisible Hand’ of Market Forces (Market Economy vs. Managerial Capitalism) • Management has not basically changed since WWI

  20. Summary • Conclusions: • Market Share Driven by Functional and Strategic Competition, Not by Price Competition • Firms (Physical and Human Assets) Are the Basic Unit of Historical Economic Analysis • Firms Should Stick to Their Core Competencies • Long-Term Profit Growth is Gained from Expansion into New Geographic or Product Markets

More Related