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The Reformation- A movement to reform the Catholic Church

The Reformation- A movement to reform the Catholic Church. Criticism is not new Nicholas of Cusa (1401-1464) & Erasmus (1511) wrote books asking for reform Criticisms of the Church and Clergy Members of clergy were breaking rules Not honouring vows of chastity Getting married

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The Reformation- A movement to reform the Catholic Church

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  1. The Reformation- A movement to reform the Catholic Church • Criticism is not new • Nicholas of Cusa (1401-1464) & Erasmus (1511) wrote books asking for reform Criticisms of the Church and Clergy • Members of clergy were breaking rules • Not honouring vows of chastity • Getting married • Pope and bishops living like royalty (life of luxury) • Popes declared war to increase territory • Priests had little education- did not respond to concerns of the people

  2. Crash Course: The Catholic Reformation Reformation- A Call to Reform the Catholic Church Financial Criticism • More interested in the collection of profits from estates • Simony: collecting money from believers for Church Services • INDULGENCES: paid for your sins to pardoned

  3. Martin Luther: 95 Theses • A German pastor (A Catholic Priest) • Launched an attack on Catholic Church • Published 95 theses against indulgences • Some arguments • Only God can pardon sins (not priests, pope, etc.) • Everyone can read the bible themselves and interpret it for themselves • Only faith can bring salvation (get you into heaven) • How do you think the Catholic Church Responded to Luther? • They excommunicated him

  4. What is the symbolism in the engraving?

  5. New Religions • Lutheran Church (Protestant) • Principals from Luther’s theses • everyone can read bible, no indulgences, etc. • Spread through: Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Switzerland • Calvinists • Knowledge about the human was as important as God • Believed people should work hard • Predestination: only saved if God decides from the beginning • Anglican (The Church of England) • Henry VIII wanted to divorce wife (Catherine of Aragon)- asked Pope for permission • Created his own Church with Catholic hierarchy and ceremonies so he could grant his own divorce

  6. Homework • My History Log • Read page 18-19, chart on page 20 • Complete #1-4, 6, 8 on page 22-24

  7. The Counter Reformation • The Council of Trent- Met from 1545-1563 Result • Did not change Catholic Dogma (the actual beliefs of the religion eg. Salvation based on both faith and good works • Fixed many of the criticisms eg. Celibacy, educate priests, eliminate corrupt indulgences • Created Society of Jesus- Universities to spread Catholic religion, defend Church, educate non-Christians (Indigenous peoples in Colonies) • Burn the heretics!! • Index of Prohibited books- burn books Catholics should not read

  8. The Division of Christendom • Earlier division occurred in 1054 • Eastern Christians split with West to form Orthodox Church • 16th Century now saw multiple religions • Orthodox • Roman Catholic • Protestant (Lutheran) • Calvinist • Anglican • Muslim Division of Europe map

  9. Division of Christendom • Was this division simple or did it bring conflict? • CONFLICT • 30 years war • St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre • Confusion and secrets • Were people free to chose the religion they wanted? • NO- they still had to follow the religion of their monarch • Burning of heretics • Eg. Anne Askew PreachingExecution • Bloody Mary!!!

  10. HOMEWORK My History Log • Read page 20-21 • Complete #9, 10, 11

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