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Chapter 1

Career Counseling: A Holistic Approach. Chapter 1. Vernon G. Zunker. Chapter 1: Historical Development and Some Basic Issues. Chronology of career counseling and guidance movement Beginnings of the counseling profession Early contributors Early governmental programs

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Chapter 1

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  1. Career Counseling: A Holistic Approach Chapter 1 Vernon G. Zunker

  2. Chapter 1: Historical Development and Some Basic Issues • Chronology of career counseling and guidance movement • Beginnings of the counseling profession • Early contributors • Early governmental programs • Development of professional organizations • Career counseling from past and future perspectives • Some basic issues that reflect current and future needs of career counseling: • The case for the individual - Counseling in a culturally diverse society • Career life perspective - Effective use of career information • Working in the 21st century - Focusing on a multiple spectrum of • Lifelong learning domains

  3. Historical Development • The product of our development as a nation • Has involved political, economic, educational, philosophical and social progress and change • Pope’s six stages of Development from 1890 – Future? • These represent significant developmental periods in society 1940s Universities/ Colleges 1980s Technology 1890s Industrialization Present Multicultural School-Work Trans. 1960s Corporations 1920s Elementary/ Secondary Schools

  4. Frank Parson’s Early Contributions • He was educated as an engineer at Cornell University during Industrialization era • He wrote several books and articles on social reform in industries • Lead the Vocational Bureau of Boston • His major work was Choosing a Vocation • Understand yourself • Understand different lines of work • Reason on the 2 groups • Considered “Father” of Career Counseling

  5. NCDA • National Career Development Association • Established in the late 1900s as professionals began to meet nationally (3rd meeting) • The hope was to aid in the employment of working Americans and to gain the support of the Federal Government. • Also helped Veterans returning from WWI and WWII integrate back into the workplace • Developed tests to find career interests • GI Bill for Veterans to return to college

  6. NOICC • The National Occupational Information Coordinating Committee • Established by an act of Congress in 1976 • Created the national career counseling and development guidelines • In 1992 developed the National Career Development Training Institute • Develop occupational information for states • Assist in the organization of state committees • Share information • Provide labor market information for youth

  7. Basic Issues of Career Counseling • The Case for the Individual • Career Life Perspective • Career Choice • Working in the 21st Century • Lifelong Learning • Counseling in a Culturally Diverse Society • Globalization and Economic Restructuring • Effective Use of Career Information • Integrating Career and Personal Counseling

  8. Basic Issues of Career Development • The case for the individual-career counseling was founded on the basics of individual differences in assets and strengths. Individual traits, aspirations, motivation, lifestyle Ask yourself, “Who is this person who sits before me?” 2. Career Life Perspective-Looksat the interrelationship of all life roles Interaction of life roles over the life span Value family, leisure, social status, place of residence Clarify with client priorities

  9. Basic Issues 3. Career Choice-Looks at individual strengths but also takes into account the changing dynamics of the global workforce. Ever Changing Workforce Changing Economy 4. Working in the 21st Century- Workprovides not only income but personal identity. Technology Who they are and who they want to be

  10. Basic Issues • Lifelong Learning-The forecast of a changing workplace underscores the need for developing a lifelong learning plan Work needs address current and future needs Skills needed for over a lifetime 6. Counseling in a Culturally Diverse Society-The counselor must understand culture and a multicultural society

  11. Basic Issues • Global and Economic Restructuring-There now exists a global economy with increased economic, political and social interconnectedness. Contracting for services/Outsourcing/Temp agencies 8. Effective Use of Career Information-There are now a variety of current career information resources.

  12. Basic Issues • 9. Integrating Career and Personal Counseling-Counselors must understand both career choices and personal choices Career Home Case Study: Single, Divorced Mom – minimal Training & Education Individual Needs Other: Community Religion Case Study: Male college grad, Lost his job, Dual career family, Spouse has a Relocation offer for work Relationships

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