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WHO-Project Environmental Health Indicators Experiences from Germany

Project coordination: Federal Environmental Agency Division of Environment and Health WHO CC Air Quality Management/Air Pollution Control J. Thelen, MPH, M.Sc. Dr. H.-G. Mücke Funded by the Ministry of Health and Social Security.

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WHO-Project Environmental Health Indicators Experiences from Germany

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  1. Project coordination: Federal Environmental Agency Division of Environment and Health WHO CC Air Quality Management/Air Pollution Control J. Thelen, MPH, M.Sc. Dr. H.-G. Mücke Funded by the Ministry of Health and Social Security WHO-ProjectEnvironmental Health IndicatorsExperiences from Germany

  2. Environmental Health Indicators Project Workplan for the Pilot Study • 06/2002 Start of the Pilot Phase in Germany • 06-10/2002 Indicator Definition Review/Adjustment • Testing of EuroIndy (1.1 to 1.5) • 10/2002-5/2003 Identification of Dataholders, Data collection • Data Compliation • 06-10/2003 Development of Methods for Ind.calculation • Work on the Fact-sheets • Quality control of EuroIndy Database • 08-12/2003 Analysis and Reporting

  3. Objectives of the Project: • Test Feasibility and Applicability of the EHI Set in Germany • Develop Information Tools for • Stakeholders in the field of Environment and Health(Politicis, Sience, Media, Organisations): • Monitoring and Evaluation of Measures and Plans concering Health Protection from environmental Risks • Communication to the Public and within the Administration (horizontal und vertical) • International und national Networking of the Stakeholders in the field of environment related Health Protection • Establishment of national und international Reporting Structures for assesment and comparison (Benchmarking, Best-Practice Modelle) • Scientific Analysis

  4. Data availability for Germany (national level)(29.03.2003) (Number of Variables in the field of ...) %

  5. Data: Collection, Analysis • Testing and Trail Operation of EuroIndy (1.1-1.5) • Spatial Breakdown to NUTS 1-3 and large Cities • Data availability: NUTS1: good NUTS2: limited NUTS3: no data • Large Cities: • Data from NUTS 2 and 3 is difficult to obtain • Problems: • Action Indicators are Subject to Bias (subjective Assessment) • Database EuroIndy needs further Development • No Common Strategy for Health Impact Assessment

  6. Remarks on the thematic fields • Most relevant for Germany: Reports: • Air Quality yes • Noise yes • Traffic Accidents yes • Drinking and Bathing Water Quality yes • Relevant; further Developement needed • Chemical Safety (Emergencies) yes • Food Safety partly • Radiation yes

  7. Remarks on the thematic fields • Relevant; Health Impact uncertain Reports: • Waste and Contaminated Land yes • Relevant; Comprehensive Reporting • by the National Agency • Workplace

  8. Air Quality: Results from Germany Air_D1 Passenger Traffic Demand (by mode of transportation) Policies to Reduce Exposure to ETS (Air_A1) (not shown) Air_P1 Emissions of Air Pollutants State (no Indicator) Air_Ex1 Exposure of urban Population to Air Pollutants Health Impact: (Air_E1, E2 and E3 not evaluated) To be considered as an own Indicator, or as part of the Assessment within Air_Ex1 ?

  9. Air_D1: Passenger transport demand per inhabitant(Germany 1996-2001) Source: BMVBW, DIW (2003) Traffic in Figures

  10. Air_P1: Emissions of Air Pollutants NOx PM10 Ozone Precursors SO2

  11. Air_Ex1: Exposure to Air Pollutants (urban population) • Methodology: • Large Cities >100.000 Inhabitants: Annual average Population • Measuring Data from Urban Background Stations (yearly mean) • Assumption: Background Level represents long term Exposure • More than one Station  Mean of background Stations • Limitation: only exposure to Ambient Air • Calculation of Exposure classes for urban Population in Germany Background Station 1 City Population (Annual Mean) City xy Background Station 2 • Urban Air Quality: • (Annual Mean Station n)/n Stations for PM10 and NO2 For Ozone: Number of days > 120µg/m3 Background Station 3

  12. Air_Ex1: Exposure to Air Pollutants (urban population)PM10 (1999/30/EU): Annual Mean: 40 µg/m3 Daily Mean: 50 µg/m3

  13. Air_Ex1: Exposure to Air Pollutants (urban population)NO2 1999/30/EG Annual Mean: 40 µg/m3 1h-Mean : 200 µg/m3

  14. Air_Ex1: Exposure to Air Pollutants (urban population) : OzoneNumber of Days over > 120 µg/m3 (8h average)

  15. Health Impact (Air_E1; Air_E2 not evaluated) Reduction of Statistical Life Expectancy by Exposure to PM2.5 Calculation of statistical Life Expectancy (Life table) RR = 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02-1.11) For all cause mortality Pope et al., 2002 ACS Cohort Study 500.000 US-Americans > 30 J. PM2.5 Country Mean (Model) 1990: 33.7 2010 (CLE): 15.7 2010 (MFR): 12.3 CLE: Current Legislation MFR: Maximum Feasible Reduction Szenario 2010

  16. Reduction of Statistical Life Expectancy by Exposure to PM2.5 for 1990 und 2010 (CLE/MFR)International Comparison

  17. Prevention of Mortality:Estimated Effect of Particle Filters for Diesel Vehicles Wichmann 2003

  18. Environmental Health IndicatorsMany Wishes – Little Resources • Current Indicator Projects in Germany • (including E&H Indicators) • Some Examples: • WHO-Environmental Health Indicators • WHO/EU ECOEHIS Project • National Core Indicators for Sustainable Development • Indicators for the Health Reporting of the Federal States • Core Indicators for Sustainable Development of the Federal States

  19. EHI for the EU European Union: • Public Health Action Programme (1786/2002/EC): EH Indicators for the European Union WHO-Project ECOENHIS/ENHIS First Meeting in May 2003: Discussion of the WHO Indicator Set: Modifications needed for the use in the European Union • Environment & Health Strategy (COM(2003)338 final) Working group on Environment and Health Indicators Health Impact Assessment • Data should be useful for Health Impact Assessment

  20. Further Work (Dec. 2003) • Finalisation of selected Fact Sheets • Revision of the Methodology for Air Quality Indicators • National Project Report • Collaboration at the international Report (H.-G. Mücke) • WHO Workshop (16./17. Oct. 2003) Specification of Report Structure Discussion of Fact Sheets for the International Report

  21. Thank you for your attention For further information please contact: juergen.thelen@uba.de Federal Environmental Agency: www.umweltbundesamt.de WHO CC Air Quality Management/Air Pollution Control: www.umweltbundesamt.de/whocc/title/title21.htm

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