International Learning Workshop on Demand-side Management of Groundwater 30 July - 10 August 2007

1. Date : 7 August 2007Time : 09.00 to 10.30 hrs.Venue : BIRDS Training Center, MuthyalapaduTopic : Crop Water BudgetingFaculty :Dr. S. V. Govardhan Das International Learning Workshop on Demand-side Management of Groundwater 30 July - 10 August 2007

2. Scheme of Presentation • What is CWB • What are the pre-conditions • Pre-CWB Exercises • CWB Workshop • Post-CWB Exercises • Expected outputs • What changes are observed

3. What is CWB? • A set of activities carried out to match groundwater balance with Rabi crop plans, in a Hydrological Unit • Estimations are based on farmer collected data

4. What are the pre-conditions? • Hydrological Monitoring Network should have been established • Rain Gauge Stations • Observation Wells • Farmers trained in data collection, recording and display • A minimum data of one Hydrological Year should have been recorded

5. Set of Activities! • Crop Water Budgeting Workshop (CWBW) • Pre-CWBW Activities • Post-CWBW Activities

6. Pre-CWBW Activities • Data collection and updating • Groundwater Balance Estimation, using CWB package • Projection of Groundwater Balance at the end of Rabi, based on farmer crop plan • Material preparation • Training GMC in conduct of CWB • FFS methodology tried out successfully

7. CWB Workshop • Estimation of groundwater recharge • Rainfall data collected by farmers • Extent of each geological formation estimated by farmers and staff • Standard recharge rates, per GEC 97 norms • Estimation of groundwater draft • Well Census by farmers per September • Average well discharge data collected by farmers • Average pumping hours • Computation of groundwater balance • beginning of Rabi • Automated in Excel spreadsheet

8. CWB Workshop • Farmer Crop Plan • Well-wise, farmer-wise record kept • Data updated through group exercises • Crop-Water Requirement • Arial extent of each crop computed • Standards of the ANGRAU • Projection of water requirement for Rabi • Projection of groundwater requirement for Rabi

9. Post-CWBW Activities • Habitation level sharing of CWBW results • Creating platform for decision making • Encouraging women participation • Crop Adoption Survey • Analysis of changes in cropping, irrigation, etc. • Computation of groundwater balance, based on CAS • Comparison of CAS data of the present year with that of previous year

10. Expected Outputs • Base line resource inventory information updated • Groundwater use in Kharif quantified • Groundwater need for Rabi crops quantified • Groundwater Balance for Rabi projected based on PHM data, resource inventory and crop plan • Triggering discussion around crop plans and groundwater need • Facilitating changes in crop choices • Knowing the difference between crop plan and actual cropping • Calculation of water saved through CWB

11. What changes are observed? • CAS data for Rabi 2005 and 2006 is now available for the entire APFAMGS project area • A comparative analysis of CAS data of two years is done in the Newsletter (Telugu). • Main crops in APFAMGS area, grown in Rabi 2005 were: • sun-flower, rice, groundnut, citrus, sajja, red-gram, jowar, chilly, tomato, ragi, sugar-cane, mango and vegetables

12. What changes are observed? • In Rabi 2006, in APFAMGS area; • Sun-flower retains its first place • Area under rice and red-gram reduced by almost half • There is a drastic reduction of area under red-gram and sajja • The area under chilly dramatically increased from 2,000 to 11,000 acres • Other crops are grown in more or less the same extent

13. Factors controlling groundwater quantity Recharge rate (Source: GEC 97)

14. Thank U