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Social Impact Assessment as a Learning Process in Project and Land Use Planning Contexts

Social Impact Assessment as a Learning Process in Project and Land Use Planning Contexts. Raine Mäntysalo & Kalle Reinikainen. What are social impacts?. Social impacts in relation to other environmental impacts

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Social Impact Assessment as a Learning Process in Project and Land Use Planning Contexts

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  1. Social Impact Assessmentas a Learning Processin Project and Land Use Planning Contexts Raine Mäntysalo & Kalle Reinikainen

  2. What are social impacts? • Social impacts in relation to other environmental impacts • A higher order category: impacts through (social) reflections on environmental impacts • Social impacts as changes in people’s activity, based on meanings given to environmental impacts R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  3. How to assess social impacts? • Hermeneutical approach: grasp the meanings ascribed to environmental impacts through participatory planning, interviews, questionnaires etc. • Active citizenship • Expert knowledge – local knowledge • Anthropological and social engineering processes The SIA consult • Mediator • Observer and participant R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  4. How to assess social impacts? • Hermeneutical approach: grasp the meanings ascribed to environmental impacts through participatory planning, interviews, questionnaires etc. • Active citizenship • Expert knowledge – local knowledge • Anthropological and social engineering processes The SIA consult • Mediator • Observer and participant R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  5. Human Science Natural Science - Social construction - Indicators - Narratives - Facts R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  6. FACTS INDICATORS NARRATIVES OPINION CLIMATE A1 B1 Story Story A B A1 A3 B2 B3 R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  7. Province - statistics, newspapers - expert interviews, statements Municipal level - statistics • expert interviews, statements • public meetings - sampling inquiries Close area - interviews with inhabitants and stakeholders - statements • targeted inquiry • personal discussions R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  8. How to assess social impacts? • Hermeneutical approach: grasp the meanings ascribed to environmental impacts through participatory planning, interviews, questionnaires etc. • Active citizenship • Expert knowledge – local knowledge • Anthropological and social engineering processes The SIA consult • Mediator • Observer and participant R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  9. Paradoxes of the Active Citizen in Planning Participation invited to add local knowledge, but at the same time rejected by the use of specialized planning language by trivializing the participant’s arguments as subjective and non-representative of the larger community. > Appearance of participation to add legitimacy to the planning process. Capability Wish to participate Local knowledge (Staffans 2004)

  10. How to assess social impacts? • Hermeneutical approach: grasp the meanings ascribed to environmental impacts through participatory planning, interviews, questionnaires etc. • Active citizenship • Expert knowledge – local knowledge • Anthropological and social engineering processes • The SIA consult • Mediator • Observer and participant R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  11. Experience versus Power translation (Castells 1996, Staffans 2004) R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  12. Expert knowledge vs. Local knowledgecase: SIA on Transmission lines R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  13. How to assess social impacts? • Hermeneutical approach: grasp the meanings ascribed to environmental impacts through participatory planning, interviews, questionnaires etc. • Active citizenship • Expert knowledge – local knowledge • Anthropological and social engineering processes The SIA consult • Mediator • Observer and participant R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  14. Role of the SIA consult R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  15. How to assess social impacts? • Hermeneutical approach: grasp the meanings ascribed to environmental impacts through participatory planning, interviews, questionnaires etc. • Active citizenship • Expert knowledge – local knowledge • Anthropological and social engineering processes The SIA consult • Mediator • Observer and participant R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  16. R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  17. The aim of interaction R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  18. How to assess social impacts? • Hermeneutical approach: grasp the meanings ascribed to environmental impacts through participatory planning, interviews, questionnaires etc. • Active citizenship • Expert knowledge – local knowledge • Anthropological and social engineering processes The SIA consult • Mediator • Observer and participant R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  19. Further apart, the impacts are more random and mostly related to the scenery Close areas, immediate impacts on everyday life Immediate neighbourhood, possible experienced impacts on health Close area R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  20. struggle networks R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  21. Settled community Changing community - Horizontal network - Vertical network -appreciatess oral agreements -requires written agreements and unofficial rules and legislation Trust or breaking of the Social Capital R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  22. Social impact assessment as social learning • Self-reflectivity: The SIA process itself leads to social impacts • Learning I (proto-learning): Learning the social impacts in a single assessment process • Learning II (deutero-learning): Learning how to learn the social impacts via successive assessments processes – learning the technique of SIA • Learning III: SIA as continuous learning activity in changing circumstances (Bateson 1972/1987, Engeström 1987) R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  23. SIA procedures in project schemes and land use planning R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  24. SIA as reflectivity and control R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

  25. Challenges • How to combine reflectivity and control? • Expert knowledge/local knowledge? • SIA as Learning III: generating a reflective practice of participitary assessment R. Mäntysalo & K. Reinikainen: SIA as a Learning Process

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