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War of 1812

War of 1812. 11.4. Causes of the War England and France were seizing U.S. Ships. This interfered with American trade The Non-Intercourse Act and the Macon Bill provided for trade with one country if they stopped restricting American trade.

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War of 1812

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  1. War of 1812 11.4

  2. Causes of the War • England and France were seizing U.S. Ships. • This interfered with American trade • The Non-Intercourse Act and the Macon Bill provided for trade with one country if they stopped restricting American trade. • The US thought that Britain was still interfering with its former colonies and were upset that England still maintained its forts in the Northwest territories • This violated the Treaty of Paris (1783) • An aggressive group of congressman (War Hawks) wanted to take Canada from England and Florida from Spain

  3. Sequence of Events U.S. won several key naval battles by the USS Constitution and the USS United States, yet the British still gained control of the seas • US used our own privateers to combat the British • We were able to keep the British at bay until they brought there ships to the coasts of America where they blockade the seaports and captured merchant ships The US attempts to invade Canada several times but never succeeds (looking to invade French Canada) • US army poorly equipped and unprepared for war

  4. British plans to invade the US from Canada are stopped by Oliver Hazard Perry in the Battle of Lake Erie…. “We have met the enemy and they are ours” • October 1813 Harrison defeats Tecumseh at Battle of the Thames in southern Canada (weakens British-Indian alliance) • In the South, the Creek Indians start fighting and are opposed by General Andrew Jackson. Jackson defeated the Creeks at the Battle of Horse Bend • British capture and burn Washington D.C. and then bombard Fort McHenry in Baltimore harbor (Francis Scott Key witnessed this and wrote the Star Spangled Banner)

  5. Battle of New Orleans – Jan. 8, 1815 • British attack New Orleans • They are defeated after a ½ hour of battle Hartford Convention • Meeting of those opposed to the war • Some wanted to breakaway from the Union • A delegation sent to Washington to offer support for the war if states given more rights • War ended before they arrived Treaty of Ghent • Dec. 24, 1814 – news didn’t arrive until after the battle of New Orleans

  6. Results of the War • British recognize the US boundaries and remove troops from the Northwest Territory • US gains national pride from its 2nd victory over the British • American industry expands and modernizes during the war when trade stops • The Federalist Party disappears because they oppose the war • James Monroe issues the 1st major US foreign policy statement by the US called the Monroe Doctrine

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