Growth and Development

1. Growth and Development A titan of an endeavor… Grade 8 Health with Mr. Springer

2. Overview • Male/Female Reproductive Systems • Heredity and Environment • pp. 455-460 (Unit 2) • The Beginning of Life • pp. 450-455 (Unit 1) • From Childhood to Adolescence • pp. 460-465 (Unit 3) • Adulthood and Aging • pp. 465-470 (Unit 4)

3. Heredity… • Heredity ________________________________________________________________________________________________. • Chromosomes ___________________________________________________________________________________________. • Both the male and female eggs have how many chromosomes? • _____which combine to make one cell with _____chromosomes. • Genes are________________________________________________________________________________________________. • Genetic DisordersOccur B__________________________________________________________________________________.

4. Environment… • Environment _____________________________________________________________________________________________. • Prenatal Care ___________________________________________________________________________________________. • An Obstetrician ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. • Good Prenatal Care Includes:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. • Birth Defects Are: ________________________________________________________________________________________and are prevented via __________________________________.

5. 6 Environmental Factors to Consider… • Nutrition _____________________________________________________________________________________________. • Alcohol Use _____________________________________________________________________________________________. • Medicine & Other Drugs _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. • Infections:___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. • Tobacco: _______________________________________________________________________________________________. • STD’s: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

6. The Beginning of Life • The body starts as a ___________________________________. • Fertilization is…_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. • During conception the male contributes __________________ to the creation of a new cell, and the mother contributes _________________________. • Fertilization occurs in… _________________________________. • Once fertilized the egg_________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

7. Fertilization Pictures

8. Growth During Pregnancy • Theis a pear-shaped organ inside the female’s body where the embryo is protected and nourished. • An is the developing organism (fertilization until about the eighth week) and is a cluster of cells. • The embryo attaches itself to the inside wall of the mother’s uterus, where _____________________________________________________________________________________.

9. Growth During Pregnancy • The developing embryo is considered a from the end of week eight until birth. • _______________ will have begun to develop by the end of _________________. • The fetus will grow and develop until ________________.

10. Development Until Second Month _____________________________________________________________________Weight ≈ ________ Length ≈_________ End of Second Month _____________________________________________________________________Weight ≈ ________ Length ≈_________ End of Third Month _______________________________________________________________Weight ≈ ________ Length ≈_________

11. Development End of Fourth Month ____________________________________________________________________________________ Weight ≈ ________ Length ≈_________ End of Fifth Month ________________________________________________________________________________ Weight ≈ ______ Length ≈ _______ End of Sixth Month ____________________________________________________________ Weight ≈ ___________ Length ≈ ___________

12. Development End of Seventh Month _______________________________________________________________________. Weight ≈ ________ Length ≈_________ End of Eighth Month ____________________________________________________________________. Weight ≈ ________ Length ≈_________ End of Ninth Month __________________________________________________________________. Weight ≈ ________ Length ≈_________

13. Stages of Development

14. Stages of Birth • Stage One: __________________ occur in the uterus (muscles gently squeeze and release). The _______________, which is the entry to the uterus, begins to dilate (open). • Stage Two: Cervix continues to dilate and contractions become stronger ________________________________________________________________________________________________________. • Stage Three: Once the baby is born, the __________ is no longer needed, so ____________________________________________________________________________________.

15. Childhood to Adolescence (fill in the ages for each) • Infancy is ___________________________________________. • Height and weight__________________________ during infancy. • Early childhood age children are considered_________________, and a large part of their exploration is through ________________and through ________________________. • Middle childhood age children are_________________________.__________________________________ are vital for successful development.____________________________________________________. The three things these students get in school are ____________________________________________________________________.

16. Adolescence • Puberty is _______________________________________________________________________________________________. • Puberty usually starts ___________________________________. • Adolescence is the __________________ period of physical growth. • Emotional changes occur too! What causes this? A: ___________________________________________________________________. • What are some effective or fun ways to manage this stressful period of life? A: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

17. These are the physical changes for males and females during puberty. • Why do these changes occur? __________________________________

18. Developmental Tasks • Establish independence from ________________________________________________________________________________. • Spend time ______________ and learn more about yourself. • Consider ______________________________________________. • Use ____________ and ____________ to responsibly approach life’s many problems or challenges. • Accept your ___________________________________. • Develop mature ________________________________________.

19. Adulthood and Aging Late adulthood begins at about age _________________. Physical age is :__________________________________________________________________________________________________Biological age is :________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mental age is :__________________________________________________________________________________________________ Remember that there should be balance between all three healths, which are __________________, ________________________, and ______________________________________________________.

20. Triangle of Balance • Social Health You! • Mental/Emotional Health • Physical Health