Nutrition in islam Lecture 4

1. 0 Nutrition in islamLecture 4 Dr. Muhammad abd elmonem Clinical Nutrition Department Umm Al-Qura University e mail ; elmadbouly@gmail.com

2. قال الله سبحانه وتعالي بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم مَّثَلُ ٱلۡجَنَّةِ ٱلَّتِى وُعِدَ ٱلۡمُتَّقُونَ‌ۖ فِيہَآ أَنۡہَـٰرٌ۬ مِّن مَّآءٍ غَيۡرِ ءَاسِنٍ۬ وَأَنۡہَـٰرٌ۬ مِّن لَّبَنٍ۬ لَّمۡ يَتَغَيَّرۡ طَعۡمُهُ ۥ وَأَنۡہَـٰرٌ۬ مِّنۡ خَمۡرٍ۬ لَّذَّةٍ۬ لِّلشَّـٰرِبِينَ وَأَنۡہَـٰرٌ۬ مِّنۡ عَسَلٍ۬ مُّصَفًّ۬ى‌ۖ وَلَهُمۡ فِيہَا مِن كُلِّ ٱلثَّمَرَٲتِ وَمَغۡفِرَةٌ۬ مِّن رَّبِّہِمۡ‌ۖ كَمَنۡ هُوَ خَـٰلِدٌ۬ فِى ٱلنَّارِ وَسُقُواْ مَآءً حَمِيمً۬ا فَقَطَّعَ أَمۡعَآءَهُمۡ (سورة محمد –الأية 15)

3. وقال الله سبحانه وتعالي بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم ”وأَوۡحَىٰ رَبُّكَ إِلَى ٱلنَّحۡلِ أَنِ ٱتَّخِذِى مِنَ ٱلۡجِبَالِ بُيُوتً۬ا وَمِنَ ٱلشَّجَرِ وَمِمَّا يَعۡرِشُونَ (٦٨) ثُمَّ كُلِى مِن كُلِّ ٱلثَّمَرَٲتِ فَٱسۡلُكِى سُبُلَ رَبِّكِ ذُلُلاً۬‌ۚ يَخۡرُجُ مِنۢ بُطُونِهَا شَرَابٌ۬ مُّخۡتَلِفٌ أَلۡوَٲنُهُ ۥ فِيهِ شِفَآءٌ۬ لِّلنَّاسِ‌ۗ إِنَّ فِى ذَٲلِكَ لَأَيَةً۬ لِّقَوۡمٍ۬ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ (٦٩) ” (النحل : 68-69 ) That mean (And thy Lord inspired the bee saying: take thou for thyself of the mountains houses and of the trees and of that which they erect. (68) Then eat thou of all the fruits and tread the ways of thy Lord made easy. There springeth forth from their bellies a drink varied in colours; therein is healing for mankind; verily therein is a sign for a people who reflect.(69)

4. عن أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه قال: جاء رجل إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: إن أخي استطلق بطنه، فقال: (اسقه عسلا) فسقاه عسلا، ثم جاء فقال: يا رسول الله سقيته عسلا فما زاده إلا استطلاقًا!، قال: (اذهب فاسقه عسلا)، فذهب فسقاه ثم جاء فقال: يا رسـول الله ما زاده إلا استطلاقًا!، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: (صدق الله وكذب بطن أخيك؛ اذهب فاسقه عسلا)، فذهزب فسقاه فبرئ

5. قال صلي الله عليه وسلم ”الشفاء في ثلاثة شربة عسل وشرطة محجم وكية نار وأنهى أمتي عن الكي“ رواه البخاري

6. Honey Bee • Classification: • Kingdom: Animalia • Phylum:Arthropoda • Class: Insecta • Order:Hymenoptera • Family: Apidae Matthew Waters Entomology 5730 – Summer 2006

7. Classification and Identification • Colony contains: • 1 “Queen” (Breeding female) • A few thousand male “Drones” • A large population of sterile female workers • Female workers die when their wings are worn out ~ approx. after 500 miles of flight

8. Classification and Identification • In the bee-hive, we can find thee types of bees namely the queen, drone and worker bees. Among them, only worker bees collect and regurgitate the nectar number of times, in order to partially digest the nectar, before storing in the honey comb.

9. Classification and Identification • During the collection of nectar, pollen can be included into the honey though variety of ways. As the honeybee visits the flower in hunt of nectar, some of the flower’s pollen falls into the nectar collected by the bee and stored in the stomach which will be regurgitated along with nectar.

10. Classification and Identification • Honey bees use its wings to fan the honey comb, to evaporate most of the water from nectar thereby avoiding the fermentation of honey.

11. Source and Compositional Chemistry of Honey • Honey bees collect the nectar from various floral sources and store it as honey which serves as food for bees during winter. • Honey bees make a journey of nearly 55,000 miles to gather nectar from approximately 2 million flowers for accumulating one pound of honey.

12. Source and CompositionalChemistry of Honey • It has been reported more than 300 unique varieties of honey depending upon the floral sources from United States alone. • The color of the honey collected by the bees varies according to the floral source and its mineral content, which usually ranges from water white to dark amber.

13. Source and CompositionalChemistry of Honey • Flavor of the honey depends upon the color, generally the darker the honey the stronger the flavor and quality. • Honey mainly composed of sugars and water which accounts roughly 79.6% and 17.2%, respectively.

14. Source and CompositionalChemistry of Honey • Major sugars of honey are levulose and dextrose which constitutes 38 % and 31% correspondingly • Remaining is the sucrose 1.3% and maltose 7.3%.

15. Source and CompositionalChemistry of Honey • Honey minor constituents include • Acids (0.57%) • Protein (0.266%) • Nitrogen (0.043%) • Amino acids (0.1%) • A little amount of minerals (0.17%).

16. Source and CompositionalChemistry of Honey • A number of other minute quantities of components like pigments, flavor and aroma substances, phenolics compounds, colloids, sugar alcohols and vitamins which all together accounts for the 2.1% of whole honey composition

17. Strengthens the immune system It strengthens the white blood corpuscles to fight bacteria and viral Diseases

18. Antibacterial properties of honey • It was showed that Tualang honey has a bacteriocidal as well as bacteriostatic effect. • It is useful as a dressing, as it is easier to apply and is less sticky compared to Manuka honey.

19. Antiproliferative Effects of Honey • Honey has been used since long time both in medical and domestic needs, but only recently the antioxidant property of it came to limelight. • The fact that antioxidants have several preventative effects against different diseases, such as cancer, coronary diseases, inflammatory disorders, neurological degeneration, and aging, led to search for food rich in antioxidants.

20. Honey and cancer • Prevention is better than cure and this is very true in case of cancer. • Chemoprevention defined as the administration of agents to prevent induction, to inhibit or to delay the progression of cancer or as the inhibition or reversal of carcinogenesis at a premalignant stage

21. Honey and cancer • Chemoprevention utilizes appropriate pharmacological agents or of dietary agents, consumed in diverse forms like macronutrients, micronutrients, or nonnutritive phytochemicals which serve as antioxidants. • Honey is rich in phenolic compounds and other antioxidants.

22. Honey and cancer Honey and cancer Some simple and polyphenols found in honey have evolved as promising pharmacological agents in treatment of cancer Caffeic acid (CA) phenyl esters (CAPE) Chrysin (CR) Galangin (GA) Quercetin (QU) Kaempferol (KP) Acacetin (AC) Pinocembrin (PC) Pinobanksin (PB) Apigenin (AP)

23. Gastroenteritis • The beloved prophet Mohammad peace be upon him instructing a man afflicted with diarrhoea to take honey • Honey has been used at a concentration of 5% (v/v) in place of glucose in a rehydration fluid (solution of electrolytes) in a clinical trial conducted on 169 infants and children admitted into hospital with gastroenteritis.

24. Gastroenteritis • The patients were randomly assigned into two groups, the control group being treated with the standard rehydration therapy (2% w/v glucose in a solution of electrolytes). • Testing showed that in each group there were 18 patients with bacterial diarrhoea. The treatment with honey gave a statistically significant reduction in the duration of the diarrhoea

25. Peptic ulcers and gastritis • Honey has a traditional folklore usage for the treatment of peptic ulcers. • Also there are numerous reports of oral dosage of honey being successfully used in modern times to treat upper gastrointestinal dyspepsia, including gastritis, duodenitis and ulceration.

26. Ophthalmology • Honey is good as a salve for sore eyes. • Honey used for measles, it being put in the eyes to prevent the scarring of the cornea which occurs in this infection. • It used to treat eyes discharging pus. blepharitis (inflammation of the eye-lids). keratitis (inflammation of the cornea).

27. Ophthalmology • The results have been reported of treating 102 patients with a variety of ophthalmological disorders not responding to conventional treatment, such as keratitis, and blepharitis

28. Ophthalmology • Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal actions are seen, the honey being applied to the eye under the lower eyelid. • It has been used for chemical and thermal burns to the eye, conjunctivitis, and infections of the cornea, being applied undiluted or as a 20 – 50% solution in water

29. Treatment of wounds • The medical literature on treating wounds with honey has been recently reviewed in specialist wound care journals, with focus on the medical evidence and with focus on the clinical aspects. • Here the focus is on the therapeutic effects observed when honey is used as a wound dressing,

30. The therapeutic effects of the honey to wounds The therapeutic effects of the honey that have been observed are common to all different types of wounds. • Rapid healing. • Stimulation of the healing process. • Clearance of infection. • Cleansing action on wounds. • Stimulation of tissue regeneration. • Reduction of inflammation. • Comfort of honey dressings