1 / 62

CONTRAST STUDIES

CONTRAST STUDIES. Categories of Contrast. Intravenous Intrarterial Oral Intrathecal Intraarticular. CONTRAST TYPES ARE BASED ON RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE. NEGATIVE CONTRAST- AIR/GAS AND APPEARS BLACK ON THE IMAGE RECEPTOR

duff
Download Presentation

CONTRAST STUDIES

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. CONTRAST STUDIES

  2. Categories of Contrast • Intravenous • Intrarterial • Oral • Intrathecal • Intraarticular

  3. CONTRAST TYPES ARE BASED ON RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE • NEGATIVE CONTRAST- AIR/GAS AND APPEARS BLACK ON THE IMAGE RECEPTOR • POSITIVE CONTRAST- BARIUM/IODINE AND APPEARS WHITE ON THE IMAGE RECEPTOR

  4. BARIUM SULFATE

  5. Ba K-SHELL BINDING ENERGY37 keV

  6. BARIUM FACTS • FEW SIDE AFFECTS • ADMINISTER RECTALLY OR ORALLY • DRY POWDER OR SOLUTION • WATER INSOLUBLE • ORAL BARIUM IS THICKER THAN RECTAL BARIUM • SPEED AT WHICH BARIUM TRAVELS IS AFFECTED BY TEMPERATURE, MOTILITY OF THE GI TRACT AND CONSISTENCY.

  7. PROBLEMS WITH BARIUM SULFATE • CAN SOLIDIFY LIKE PLASTER OF PARIS • CARE MUST BE TAKEN TO AVOID IMPACTION • GERIATRIC AND PEDIATRIC PATIENTS ARE A CONCERN(LAXATIVES ARE GIVEN POST EXAM)

  8. IV contrast • The iodine in the contrast increases the attenuation of the x-ray beam and causes enhancement on the images!

  9. IODINATED FACTS • MOVES THROUGH THE GI TRACT IN 1 TO 2 HOURS AND REACHES THE COLON IN 4 HOURS. • GOOD MUCOSAL DILINEATION • OUTLINES BUT DOES NOT STICK TO WALLS OF THE GI TRACT • IODINATED CONTRAST IS MORE EXPENSIVE

  10. I K-SHELL BINDING ENERGY33 keV

  11. WATER SOLUBLE IODINATED CONTRAST MEDIA • IONIC-divide into particles called ions when in a solution. Many particles enter the bloodstream due to the breaking up of the particle. • NON-IONIC-do not divide! The entire molecule remains intact when injected.

  12. OSMOLALITY • IS THE NUMBER OF PARTICLES THAT DISSOLVE IN A SOLUTION. • LOCM- low osmolar contrast media.(500 to 850 mOsm/kg) • HOCM-high osmolar contrast media.(1300 to 1600mOsm/kg) • Agents that have lower osmality are better tolerated by patients.

  13. Hypertonic • This is when a net movement of particles from within the tissue into the vascular space. This can cause dehydration! • Blood plasma osmolality is 285mOsm/kg

  14. VISCOSITY • IS THE MEASURE OF THE THICKNESS OF A LIQUID. The thicker the solution the more force is exerted. • Particles are large with high viscosity solutions! • Kidneys could have problems clearing these large particles.

  15. VISCOSITY IS INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO TEMPERATURE. AS TEMPERATURE INCREASES, VISCOSITY DECREASES. THIS IS WHY CONTRAST MUST BE WARM!

  16. IODINATED CONTRAST IS WATER SOLUBLE • SOME IODINATED CONTRAST CONTAIN SALTS WHICH ARE MORE SOLUBLE IN WATER!

  17. UGI WITH Ba SO4

  18. BE WITH Ba SO4

  19. CT OF ABDOMEN WITH Ba SO4

  20. IVU (IVP)

  21. CHOLECYSTOGRAM

  22. BRONCHOGRAM

  23. SIALOGRAM

  24. ARTHROGRAM

  25. HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAM

  26. ANGIOGRAM

  27. CYSTOGRAM

  28. MYELOGRAM

  29. NEGATIVE CONTRAST STUDIES

  30. BE WITH AIR

  31. ENTEROCLYSIS- SMALL BOWEL SERIES

  32. UGI

  33. ARTHROGRAM

  34. CONTRAST STUDIES CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THE DIRECTION OF CONTRAST APPLICATION • RETROGRADE • ANTEGRADE

  35. RETROGRADE: AGAINST THE NORMAL PHYSIOLOGIC ROUTE

  36. RETROGRADE

  37. ERCP

  38. ANTEGRADE WITH THE NORMAL PHYSIOLOGIC ROUTE

  39. ANTEGRADE

  40. RETROGRADE STUDIES • BE • MYELOGRAM • ERCP • HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAM • SIALOGRAM • CYSTOGRAM

  41. ANTEGRADE STUDIES • UGI • SBS • IVU • CHOLECYSTOGRAM

  42. CONTRAST MEDIA CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THEIR ORIGIN • INDIGENOUS-WITHIN THE BODY • EXOGENOUS- FROM OUTSIDE THE BODY

  43. INDIGENOUS CONTRAST AIR IN THE LUNGS

More Related