Helping Verbs and Verb Phrases

1. Verbs By: Vanessa Tipton

2. Clean sheet of paper: • Take notes on each slide in this powerpoint on clean sheet of paper for a GRADE!! • Write everything in each slide. NUMBER EACH SLIDE ACCORDING TO EACH Number. • Be prepared to turn in notes on the next class period. • If you do not finish the notes, complete for homework. The powerpoint is on my webpage. • Sticky Note Checks will be given in next class periods to check for understanding for a quiz grade.

3. *#1.Helping Verb + Main Verb • Helping Verb=helps the main verb to express action or a state of being. • Commonly Used Helping Verbs: pg. 96 (textbook) • am did may were • are do might will • be does must would • been had shall • being has should • can have was • could is

4. *#2.Helping Verb Song:sing to the tune of “Jingle Bells” • Helping Verbs, Helping VerbsThere are 23Am is are and was and wereBeing Been and Be • Have has hadDo does didShall will should and wouldThere are five more helping verbsMay might must can could

5. *#3.Helping Verb + Action Verb = VERB PHRASE • A verb CANNOT be a helping verb unless there is another verb for it to help. It has to be with an action verb or main verb. • If a verb such as “was” or “has” is the only verb in the sentence, it is not a helping verb (It will be a linking verb). • Ex. I can speak in Spanish. • I will learn how to speak in Spanish. • I should have learned how to speak in Spanish.

6. *#4.Helping Verbs/Main Verbs: • Some words can be used as both helping verbs and main verbs. • Helping Verb: I do wash the dishes. • Main Verb: I will do the dishes.

7. *#5. VERB PHRASE: • Together, the main verb and its helping verb or verbs are called a verb phrase. • Many students can speak Spanish. • I will be learning all the state capitals tonight. • The dog should have been fed by now.

8. *#6. Rude Interrupter #1:Interrogative Sentences?Verb Phrase • When trying to find the verb phrase in an interrogative sentences, state the sentence in a declarative sentence so that your verb phrase is not split. • EX. Do you want to go camping this weekend in the rain? • I do want to go camping this weekend in the rain.

9. *#7. Rude Interrupter #2:Rude ADVERBS/Interrupters: • Sometimes a verb phrase is interrupted by adverbs. ADVERBS ARE RUDE! Adverbs are not part of the verb phrase. • Adverbs tell When?Where? And How? • Adverbs modify the verb, an adjective, or another adverb. • Suzanne should not call so late at night. • The scientists didn’t think the asteroid would hit the earth.

10. *#8.ADVERBS: “-ly” suffix • Many adverbs are formed by adding the suffix -lyto adjectives. • adjective quick becomes quickly adjective lazybecomes lazily. • We almost won the game. • He nearly ate the whole thing. • She always arrives promptly. How do these adverbs change the meaning of the verb? Analyze: Brainstorm a list of other adjectives that can be changed to adverbs. • Making adverbs this way is an easy way to expand your word power.

11. Rule #8B: “Dressed Up Verbs”= ADVERBS: • “Dress up” verbs • Adverbs add flavor and punch to verbs. • Adverbs help you build word power • ANALOGY: Adverbs can be thought of as fuel to makes verb engines work better. Ex. shouting angrily carefully shredding papers smiling graciously write easily gratefully count your blessings run quickly

12. Rule 8C: Adverb Word Wall: not never only almost always occasionally badly Well sadly experimentally successfully expertly suddenly extremely swiftly frantically thoughtfully good/well vigorously

13. *#9.Linking Verbs: • A Linking Verbs connects, or links, the subject to a word or word group that identifies or describes the subject. • EX. Sandra Cisneros is a writer. • The firefighters had appeared victorious. • The new superintendent was absent last week since he was sick.

14. *#10.Sensory Linking Verbs: • appear become feel • grow look remain • seem smell sound • stay taste turn • listen • Do these words look familiar? What type of verb do these linking verbs also seem to be? • How do you know the difference? • What do all these words have in common?

15. *#11.Linking Verb or Action Verb? • Some verbs may be either action verbs or linking verbs, depending on how they are used. • EX. • Action: They sounded the bell for a fire drill. • Linking: Mom sounded happy about her new job. (The verb sounded links happy with the subject “Mom.”)

16. *#12.Linking Verb or Action Verb?Finger Block • TIP: If you are not sure if a verb is being used as a linking verb or an action verb, try substituting “is” or “are” for the verb. • If the sentence still makes sense, the verb is probably a linking verb. • If the sentence does not make sense, the verb is probably an action verb.

17. Rule #12B: Linking Verb or Action Verb? • EX. James looks taller. (James IS taller). The sentence still makes sense without changing the meaning of the sentence so “looks” is an linking verb. • EX. James looks out the window. • James IS out the window. (Does not make sense; Here, “looks” is an action verb.)

18. Rule 12 C: Linking Verb or Action Verb? • How can one tell which role these tricky verbs are playing? • Let’s take a look at the word turned, used in two different ways. • The Ferris wheel turned slowly as it began its initial rotation. • Here, the Ferris wheel performed an action: It turned. • Can you visualize the huge wheel slowly rotating, with • the riders in the cars, as it warms up? The word turned • here is an action-oriented verb.

19. Rule 12D: Linking Verb or Action Verb? • One frightened rider turnedgreen as the ride began to speed up quickly. • Here, the word turned connects the describing word, or adjective—green—to the subject—rider. In this example, turned is acting as a linking verb, not an action verb.

20. Rule 12 E: Linking Verb or Action Verb? • The farmer grew several prize-winning tomatoes this season. • Let’s replace grew with is: • The farmer is several prize-winning tomatoes this season.

21. *#13.Linking Verb or Action Verb? • The beef stew we had for dinner tasted delicious. • This time, let’s replace tasted with was: • The beef stew we had for dinner was delicious.

22. *#14. Irregular Verbs Present Tense: Add “s” • The present form of the verb deals with “now”. When do you want to receive presents? • Sometimes an -s is added to the end of the present form of the verb when it is used in conjunction with a singular noun: she cares, he forgives, it means.

23. *#15. Present Participle Tense: • The present participle is made by adding the suffix -ing to the present form; it is always accompanied by a be verb, which acts as a helping verb, forming what is called a verb phrase: • am caring is forgiving were thinking. • Notice that this verb form expresses action that is ongoing.

24. *#16. Past Tense: Past: already happened. • The past form of a verb shows action or existence that has already taken place at a point in time before now • Ex. She cared They forgave He thought • Remember that all regular verbs end in “-ed” in the past tense, whereas irregular verbs end in a variety of ways.

25. *#17.Past Participle: • The past participle of a verb consists of its past form, accompanied by the helping verb have, has, or had • EX. have cared has forgiven had thought • This is true of both regular and irregular verbs.

26. *#18.Transitive Verbs • Transitive Verb=transfer=the action transfers to an object (noun). Transitive Verbs must have a direct object to receive the action. • The action passes from the doer (the subject) to the receiver of the action (noun or pronoun). Ex. Tamisha entertained the child. Felipe visited San Juan.

27. *#19.Intransitive Verbs: • Intransitive Verbs=tells something about the subject or expresses action without the action passing to the receiver or object. • HAS NO DIRECT OBJECT (NOUN) • LINKING VERBS ARE ALWAYS intransitive verbs! • Not everything that follows a verb is an object. Many words that come after the verb give more information without receiving the action of a verb. • Ex. The children smiled at the people. • The horses galloped across the prairie. • I am here.

28. *#20. Transitive/Intransitive Verbs? • Some action verbs may be transitive or intransitive verbs depending on how they are used in the sentence. Ex. My cousin Julio plays baseball on a Caribbean League. My cousin Julio plays every week. Kanani studies Chinese each day after school. Kanani studies hard.

29. Rule #20B Transitive/Intransitive Verb? • Tameka writes poetry. • Tameka writes daily. • Tameka writes in the morning. • This soup tastes too salty. • Does the box seem heavier than it should be?

30. *#21.Direct Objects: • Direct Object=the noun or pronoun that receives the action. (The action is transferred to this object). Tells “whom” or “what” receives the action. The direct object can NOT come in a PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE. A direct object can NEVER follow a LINKING VERB (It shows no action). A direct object may be compound of two of more objects. DIRECT OBJECTS WILL FOLLOW A VERB!

31. *#22.Indirect Objects: • Indirect Objects=a noun, pronoun, or word group that usually comes between the verb and the direct object. • Tells “to whom?” or “to what?” or “for whom?” or “for what?” the action of the verb is done. • You must have a direct object in order to have an indirect object. • You will not always have an indirect object in every sentence that is transitive; but you will ALWAYS have a DIRECT OBJECT in the transitive sentences. • Ex. I gave that problem some thought. • Dad bought himself some peanuts. • Luke sent David Robinson a fan letter.

32. *#23.Indirect Objects: • If the word “to” or “for” is used, the noun, pronoun, or word group following it is part of a prepositional phrase and cannot be an indirect object. • Like direct objects, an indirect object can also be compound. • Ex. She gave Ed and me the list of summer activities. • Did the peacocks show you and your sister its tail feathers?