Welcome

1. Welcome Master ASL Unit 1

2. Deaf Awareness Quiz • Do your best. I do not expect you to understand or know all the answers to these questions. • This is a participation/completion grade.

3. Objectives • To learn proper greetings and farewells in ASL • To introduce yourself and others • To learn basic ASL sentence structure • To ask and answer questions • To learn how to interact appropriately with Deaf People • To learn the role of facial expressions and non-manual signals

4. Time to draw what you see… • Put your name on your paper. • Partner up and practice drawing the images signed by your partner. • When finished compart images and make corrections with a red pen. • Staple together and turn in.

5. Meet the Characters… • Four characters hi-lighting the variety of backgrounds within the Deaf community are profiled throughout Master ASL! Level One. They will present vocabulary, highlight aspects of Deaf culture, and share their accomplishments and interests.

6. Sean • Sean lives in Boston, Massachusetts, and is the only Deaf person in his family. Originally from Texas where he attended the Texas School for the Deaf, he now attends a public school and uses sign language interpreters in his classes.

7. Kris • Kris is a university student studying government and law whose siblings, parents, and grandparents are all Deaf. An avid athlete, she loves to snowboard, ski, and play tennis. When she isn’t studying, she can be found spending time with her family and is especially fond of storytelling competitions.

8. Marc • Marc, his brother, and a younger sister are Deaf; his mother is hard of hearing, and his father is hearing. He plays football at a school for the Deaf, is a member of the speech and debate team and is involved in STUGO. He plans on attending Gallaudet University, the world’s only university for Deaf students.

9. Kelly • Kelly, like Sean, is the only Deaf person in her family, though she considers herself lucky because her parents and older brother all learned ASL. Kelly enjoys drama, photography, and spending time on her creative writing. She wants to teach Deaf children after college. A pet peeve? When hearing people say, “I’ll tell you later” or “It’s not important.”

10. Rita • In her role as an ASL teacher, Rita presents information that focuses on ASL grammar and Deaf culture, gives tips on how to improve your signing, and answers common questions students have about ASL. For example, a frequent question is: “What is the difference between deaf and Deaf?” When deaf is not capitalized it describes one’s hearing status. When capitalized it describes those individuals who are proud to be deaf and consider themselves members of Deaf culture.

11. GreetingsCornel Notes • When signing to a friend use HI. • When signing to an adult or someone you do not know well use HELLO. • Vocabulary: NO VOICE • HELLO • HI • WHAT’S-UP • HOW YOU? • I FINE

12. BUSY CONFUSED FINE GOOD, WELL HAPPY NOTHING, NOT- MUCH SAME-OLD-THING, THE-USUAL SLEEPY SO-SO TIRED Vocabulary—NO VOICE

13. Now you try… • Exchange greetings with your partner and ask how he or she is. Respond with vocabulary from the previous slide. • Ask your partner to tell you how another classmate is. Use eye gaze… • Remember to lower your eyebrows when asking this information seeking question. • Use vocabulary from the previous slide.

14. Pointing is a logical feature of a signed, non-spoken language. It is not considered rude or impolite. If a person or object is not visible, point to an empty space and continue signing. Using the index finger to point is called deixis. Vocabulary—NO VOICE DEIXIS (index) I, ME YOU HE, SHE, IT WE, US YOU (plural) THEY DeixisCornel Notes

15. They are busy. She is happy. I am confused. We are happy. She’s good. I’m sleepy. It’s so-so. He’s fine. Now try… NO VOICE Don’t forget to point back to the person—this is a closing signal and lets the person know you are done and it is their turn to sign.

16. Thomas H. Gallaudet, 1848Cornel Notes • Thomas H. Gallaudet established Gallaudet University in Washington DC. He said, “American Sign Language is of great value to the Deaf, but could also be of great benefit to the hearing as well… It is superior to spoken language in its beauty and emotional expressiveness. It brings kindred souls into a much more close and conscious communion than mere speech can possibly do.”

17. GOOD MORNING AFTERNOON EVENING Greet your classmate using the signs to the left and ask how he/she is. Vocabulary--NO VOICE

18. Watch the video clip and copy the signer Remember to maintain eye contact while signing with someone. If you must look away use the HOLD-ON sign before doing so. Getting a Deaf person’s attention? Wave or tap them on the shoulder. Vocabulary—NO VOICE EYE-CONTACT HOLD-ON LOOK-AT-ME PAY-ATTENTION NOT-PAY-ATTENTION Eye ContactEyes on ASL #1—Cornel Notes

19. Closing Signals… Cornel Notes • Pointing back to yourself or the person you are talking about shows completion of a thought. • Closing signals are especially important when asking questions using the Question Maker or the WH-Face. Remember to use a closing signal when: • Making a statement or comment about yourself or somebody else. • Asking a question. • NMS: matches the emotion • I LIKE COFFEE I.

20. You try… whq • Question word is at the end. • Eyebrows are down. • What is your name? ______whq______ • YOU NAME WHAT YOU? • My name is Kelly Boyd. • ME NAME K-E-L-L-Y B-O-Y-D ME.

21. Introduce people to your classmates fingerspelling the complete name carefully. Use eye gaze to glance in the direction of the pronoun you are placing. SHE NAME N-I-N-A P-A-T-E-L SHE. Don’t sign the English words in red! Practice: She is Nina Patel. My name is Cheryl. He’s Tyler Brophy. I’m Niki, he’s Aaron He’s Luis Cortez. My name is Sam. She is Erin. His name is Jeff. Her name is Lisa. Her name is Susan. You try…

22. Yes/No Question ResponsesEyes on ASL #3—Cornel Notes • There is no such thing as a one word response in ASL. ______y/n-q______ • COFFEE YOU LIKE YOU? • YES. (Wrong!!) • Right: ______y/n-q______ • COFFEE YOU LIKE YOU? • YES I LIKE I. (always include the verb!)

23. DEAF: will give first name, last name; background info; and school history. HEARING: will give first and last name and hearing status. IntroductionsDeaf Culture Minute—Cornel Notes Introductions in the Deaf community vary depending on whether one is hearing or Deaf. If you are Deaf, background information like where one goes or went to school is exchanged. If you are hearing, then you will be introduced as a hearing person who knows or is learning ASL. This exchange of information allows everybody to understand where he or she is coming from and reduces cultural misunderstandings. It is culturally appropriate to shake hands when meeting new people or greeting friends. Like many hearing people, Deaf friends often hug each other when saying hello and good-bye.

24. DEAF FRIEND HARD-OF-HEARING HEARING INTRODUCE MEET MY NICE NICE TO-MEET-YOU WANT Vocabulary—NO VOICE

25. Dialogue ONE Signer A: Hi! How are you? Signer B: I’m fine. How are you? Signer A: I’m good. I’m Eric Morse. I’m Deaf. Signer B: Hi. My name is Chris Sarn. I’m hearing. Dialogue TWO Signer A: What’s up? How are you? Signer B: I’m busy. How are you? Signer A: Same old. I want you to meet my friend Cara. Signer B: Hello, Cara. How are you? Signer C: I’m fine. Nice to meet you. Try these…

26. Introducing a Friend • Watch the video… Who is Deaf? Who is hearing? Is Lisa a friend of Kris or Sean? Who introduced Lisa? • Practice signing with a partner… • Signer A: Hi what’s up? I want to introduce my friend. Her name is Lisa. She is hearing. • Signer B: Hello. Nice to meet you. My name is Sean. I’m Deaf. How are you?

27. Interacting with the DeafCornel Notes • View the DVD: Culture Note • To get a Deaf person’s attention • Tap shoulder • Wave hand • Turn off voice (AX hs twist off at throat) • It is rude to talk in a Deaf person’s presence.

28. The Question-Maker ASL Up Close: Cornel Notes • Raising your eyebrows forms the Question-Maker, an expression that shows you are asking a yes/no question. Keep the eyebrows raised until you’ve completed signing the question—add the closing signal or question mark sign. • Watch the DVD.

29. MouthingAccent Steps—Cornel Notes • Do you talk silently while signing? Some hearing people do this out of habit, and others think it helps Deaf people lip-read. Only about 30% of the English language can be lip-read. Deaf people lip-read English, not American Sign Language, so don’t mix the two. Sometimes a Deaf person will “talk” silently or mouth to help hearing people understand what is being signed, but don’t with those who understand ASL. You will learn the role the lips have as part of the non-manual signals used in ASL. In the meantime, don’t speak or mouth words while signing. ASL IS NOT ENGLISH!

30. ASL BATHROOM GO-TO LEARN NO PLEASE AGAIN, REPEAT SIGN, SIGN- LANGUAGE SLOW, SLOW- DOWN THANK-YOU YES Vocabulary—NO VOICE

31. Hello, my name is Pat. I’m learning ASL. What is your name? Are you Deaf? Please sign slowly. I want to meet you. What is your name? I’m hearing. Are you? 6. Hi, what’s up? Nice to meet you. 7. Are you hard of hearing? 8. Tom is hearing and learning ASL. 9. Please sign again. 10. I want to learn ASL. Making Conversation—GLOSS

32. DeixisAccent Steps—Cornel Notes • When you use deixis, look towards the area you’re pointing to. This is called eye gaze and helps “hold” that location for the person or thing you’re signing about.

33. Asking Questions • Use the Question-Maker to ask your partner these questions. Respond in a complete sentence including the closing signal. • Are you learning sign language? • Are you hearing? • Do you want to learn ASL? • Do you want to meet my friend? • Good morning. How are you?

34. Correcting Information • Use the Question-Maker to ask your partner these questions. Your respond needs to include the VERB and a closing signal. • Is she paying attention? • Yes, she is paying attention. • Are you sick? • No, I’m fine. • Do they want to learn ASL? • Yes, they want to learn ASL. • Are you sleepy? • Yes, I’m sleepy. • Are you Deaf? • No, I’m hearing.

35. GOOD-BYE LATER ME-TOO, SAME-HERE SEE, TO-SEE-YOU SEE-YOU LATER SEE-YOU TOMORROW TAKE-CARE TOMORROW Vocabulary—NO VOICE

36. Saying Good-bye • Watch Marc and Kris sign farewell… • Don’t add separate signs for YOU when signing SEE YOU LATER or SEE YOU TOMORROW—it is already in the sign SEE.

37. Read and annotate… • Read How do people learn ASL? • At least 8 annotations (not hi-lighting!)

38. History about the Deaf and EducationCornel Notes • ASL Language History • 1960s: Recognized as a unique language. • 1970s: ASL begins being used to educate the Deaf • 1980s: Identified as a cultural minority greatly due to DPN • 1990s: Fastest growing foreign language in America

39. DeafnessCornel Notes • The majority of Deaf people are raised in families where deafness is not common. • Is not always genetic. Only 10% of Deaf children have Deaf parents • Often the use of sign language was forbidden in school. • Most Deaf children learned ASL on the playground.

40. ASL = LanguageCornel Notes • ASL is a language. • ASL is not English. • It has its own grammar, structure, and nuances that are designed for the eye, not for the ear. • It is not universal—it is used in America and Canada. • ASL and FSL are about 60% the same

41. She is happy. My name is Fred. He wants to learn ASL. They are Busy. He is named Tomas. We are hearing. Where are all the little words?

42. Facial Expressions and NMSCornel Notes • One noticeable difference between ASL and English is the use of facial expression and non-manual signals. Non-manual signals (NMS) are the various parts of a sign that are not signed on the hands. Two different types of NMS:facial expressions (emotions), which convey your tone of “voice” while you sign. The second is grammar.

43. BLANK-FACE BORED EXCITED FACIAL-EXPRESSIONS MAD, ANGRY SAD SICK SCARED, AFRAID Vocabulary—NO VOICE

44. Accent Step • It is normal to feel awkward or uncomfortable making facial expressions at first, but with practice you will become more confident and skilled. Without them you can’t sign questions, show interest, or carry on a satisfying conversation.

45. Using Non-Manuals • You have already begun using two important non-manual signals when you sign yes or no. These are called head nod and head shake. Use these when you sign YES and NO. • Yes/No questions would be incomplete without the head nod or shake.

46. Try these… • I’m not Deaf. I’m hearing. • Yes, I’m learning how to sign. • I didn’t go to the bathroom. • They aren’t sick. • We aren’t busy. • You don’t have to use signs for DON’T or NOT. Just use the head shake for now.

47. CAN, MAY CAN’T, MAY-NOT KNOW DON’T-KNOW LIKE DON’T-LIKE UNDERSTAND DON’T- UNDERSTAND I’M-NOT, NOT-ME Vocabulary—NO VOICE

48. Q & A • Can I go to the bathroom? • No, you can’t. • Do you understand the homework? • Yes, I understand the homework. • I’m not Marie. I’m Pat. • I didn’t understand. Please sign it again. • I don’t understand. Do you? • No, I don’t understand. • I don’t know his name. Do you? • I know his name. He is _____.

49. Conversation—Gloss and Sign • Alan: Hi. My name is Alan. What’s your name? • Holly: My name is Holly. Nice to meet you. • Alan: Are you Deaf? • Holly: No, I’m hearing. I’m learning ASL. Do you know how to sign? • Alan: Yes, I can sign. • Holly: Are you Deaf? • Alan: No, I’m not Deaf. I’m hearing. I sign okay. I want to sign well. • Holly: Me too. I want to understand ASL. • Alan: Do you want to meet me tomorrow morning? • Holly: Yeah. I’ll see you tomorrow. Good-bye. Don’t trust your partner to do it all.

50. Conversation—Gloss and Sign ________whq_______ • Alan: HI. ME fs-ALAN. YOU NAME WHAT YOU? • Holly: ME fs-HOLLY. NICE MEET-YOU. ____y/n-q___ • Alan: YOU DEAF YOU? _neg_ _____y/n-q___ • Holly: NO, I HEARING. I LEARN ASL. YOU KNOW SIGN YOU? Don’t trust your partner to do it all.