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ASTURIANU (AstURIan)

HUM 3000 FINAL PROJECT. ASTURIANU (AstURIan). a minority Romance language spoken in Spain. Where is it spoken?. Asturian ( asturianu ) is spoken in and around the Principality of Asturias, in northern Spain. Classification.

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ASTURIANU (AstURIan)

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  1. HUM 3000 FINAL PROJECT ASTURIANU(AstURIan) a minority Romance language spoken in Spain

  2. Where is it spoken? Asturian (asturianu) is spoken in and around the Principality of Asturias, in northern Spain.

  3. Classification Like all Romance languages, Asturian is descended from Vulgar Latin. It may be classified as a sister language of Castilian (Spanish). Castilian is the official national language, so identified in the constitution, and spoken by virtually everybody as either a first or second language.

  4. Speakers In a 1994 census, there were 100,000 first-language speakers of Asturian and 450,000 second-language speakers of Asturian. In that year, the first-language speakers made up just 0.2% of Spain’s national population of 40 million. Second-language speakers made up just 1% of the national population. Asturias has about 1 million people. One-fifth of the population lives in Oviedo.

  5. Main city The capital city of Asturias is Oviedo (Uviéu), with a population of about 200,000.

  6. Region Asturias is traditionally a farming and mining region, with high mountains , lush plains, and beautiful Atlantic coastlines.

  7. Sociopolitical history Asturian is the language of the historical kingdom of Asturias. After the fall of Rome in 476 AD, the province of Hispania fell into the hands of the Visigoths, a Celtic people. In the 700’s AD, when threatened by the Moors from north Africa, Asturias secured its independence from the Visigoths and became the first independent kingdom in Europe. Castilian (Spanish) was not brought into the area until the 14th cent. AD, when Castilian-speaking officials were posted to government and church offices. Importantly, the kingdom of Asturias was a region never occupied either by the Romans or the Moors. Its modern-day citizens are proud of this long legacy of independence.

  8. Minority status As mentioned earlier, in 1994 Asturian was spoken as a first language by 100,000 people; that’s only 0.2% of the population of Spain. At that time it was spoken by 450,000 people as a second language. Asturian is at a disadvantage in Spain because unlike Castilian, Basque, Catalan, and Galician, Asturian is not an official language and therefore cannot be used to the exclusion of one of these official languages. By law, it must be secondary. Asturian children are required to learn the Asturian language in schools from ages 6-16. This instruction is in addition to Castilian, the national language. From ages 16-19, Asturian instruction is optional. Despite efforts to revitalize it, the language is in a state of critical decline.

  9. Minority status In an effort to slow Asturian’s decline, the Academia de la Llingua Asturiana (ALLA) was formed in 1980. Its tasks included develping dictionaries and grammars to help preserve its health as a language and slow its demise. The year 1981 saw the publication of the book Normes Ortográfiques y Conxugación de Verbos (Orthographic Norms and Verb Conjugation) and other works of this type. A nationalist political party was founded in 1985: the Partíu Asturianista. Preservation and promotion of Asturian is central to the party’s platform. Note: Almost all minority language revitalization efforts in Spain were blocked under the dictator General Franco, who died in 1975.

  10. Literature Asturian literature dates to the 17th cent. The first distinctly Asturian text is attributed to Anton de Marirreguera, titled Pleitu ente Uviéu y Mérida pola posesión de les cenices de Santa Olaya(Dispute between Oviedo and Merida over Saint Elualia’s Ashes), published in 1639.

  11. Literature From: Pleitu ente Uviéu y Mérida pola posesión les cenices de Santolalla Castilian: Cuando enjambran las abejas y vuelan de flor en flor, si las persiguen se asustan: se marchan y no trabajan, dejando la colmena vieja para buscar otra mejor. Santa Eulalia fue la abeja que desde Mérida enjambró, enfadada porque adoraban las figuras de latón. Por entonces el rey Don Sil se encontraba en guerra feroz contra los moros que querían hacerse fuertes en León. Asturian: Cuandu examen les abeyes y posen de flor en flor, si les escorren s'espanten: vanse y nun facen llabor, dexando'l caxellu vieyu pa buscar otru meyor. Santa Olaya fo l'abeya que de Mérida ensamó, enfadada qu'adorasen  les fegures de llatón. Entoncies el rei Don Sil andaba en guerra feroz colos moros que querín encabezase en Lleón.

  12. Language notes The numerals 1-100 don’t show major differences from Castilian.

  13. Language notes The months of the year show the common ending –u where Castilian usually has -o. Notice the use of letter <x> to indicate the sound ‘sh.’ This sound is a medieval holdover, once present in Castilian but now lost. The form xineru shows an older transitional form between Vulgar Latin JANUARIO (with ‘j’) and Castilian enero. The words payares and avientu are unique.

  14. Language notes Asturian does not appear greatly different from Castilian in many respects, and might lead one to question whether it should be classified as a separate language. It seems wrong, however, to classify Asturian as a dialect of Castilian, since Asturian is not technically a form of Castilian but rather a variety that arose parallel to it. Not surprisingly, the promotion of Asturian as a language is an important issue for many Asturians. Asturians object to the fact that Asturian is not classified as “official” in the Spanish constitution. This woman’s sign says: “I support official status” (for the Asturian language).

  15. Websites Academia de la Llingua asturiana http://www.academiadelallingua.com/ Homepage of the Asurian language academy, founded 1980. Entirely in Asturian. Has news and extensive language resources for Asturian speakers and researchers. Dirección Xeneral de Política Lingüística http://www.politicallinguistica.org Resources related to Asturian language education, translation, and language preservation. Xunta pola Defensa de la Llingua Asturiana http://www.exunta.org News and information related specifically to the language and political issues surrounding its use and preservation in Spain. Partíu Asturianista http://www.asturianista.as/ Homepage of the Asturianist political party, one of whose primary goals is promotion and protection of the Asturian language. Has information about voting, campaigns, and candidates.

  16. Websites Asturian texts http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/Asturian/Texts/index.html Has links to major Asturian literary texts and poetry in parallel Asturian and Castilian, including the Pleitu from 1639. InfoAsturies http://www.infoasturies.net Online edition of Asturian newspaper published in Asturian. Asturnews http://www.asturnews.com Online edition of Asturian newspaper published in Asturian. Asturias.com http://www.asturias.com Online edition of Asturian newspaper published in Asturian.

  17. Websites (audio samples) Pulp Fiction movieclip (dubbed) in Asturian http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yQ6eJnREBU Scent of a Woman movie clip (dubbed) in Asturian http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pWUuyU4J7Lo&playnext=1&list=PL05356728F306D85A Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade movie clip (dubbed) in Asturian http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GK5hYxd02YA

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