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Chapter 6 - The French Revolution and Napoleon

Chapter 6 - The French Revolution and Napoleon. Section 4 – The Age of Napoleon Begins. Napoleon Bonaparte I (1769-1821) Emperor of France. Setting the Scene

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Chapter 6 - The French Revolution and Napoleon

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  1. Chapter 6 - The French Revolution and Napoleon Section 4 – The Age of Napoleon Begins Napoleon Bonaparte I (1769-1821) Emperor of France

  2. Setting the Scene Napoleon Bonaparte was born in Corsica, a French-ruled island in the Mediterranean. His family were minor nobles, but had little money. At age nine, he was sent to France to be trained for a military career. When the revolution broke out, he was an ambitious 20-year-old lieutenant, eager to make a name for himself.

  3. I. Napoleon’s Rise to Power During the revolution, Napoleon rose quickly after winning major battles against the British and Austrians

  4. In 1799, he helped overthrow the Directory and set up a three-man government known as the Consulate I. Napoleon’s Rise to Power A portrait of the three Consuls (between 1799 and 1804 ), with Napoleon in the center

  5. By 1804, Napoleon had acquired enough power to assume the title Emperor of France I. Napoleon’s Rise to Power Napoleon on His Imperial Throne by Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres (1806)

  6. Napoleon consolidated his power by strengthening the central government II. France Under Napoleon "A Grateful France Proclaims Napoleon the First Emperor of the French"

  7. Napoleon controlled prices, encouraged new industry, and built roads and canals II. France Under Napoleon

  8. He made peace with the Catholic Church in the Concordat of 1801, recognizing religious freedom for Catholics II. France Under Napoleon Vers le retour à la paix religieuse Towards the return to religious peace

  9. Napoleon's most lasting reform was a new law code, which became known as the Napoleonic Code II. France Under Napoleon

  10. From 1804 to 1814, Napoleon won many battles and created an empire III. Building an Empire

  11. In 1805, Napoleon tried to invade England but his fleet was destroyed at the Battle of Trafalgar III. Building an Empire

  12. Napoleon waged economic warfare through the Continental System, which closed European ports to British goods III. Building an Empire

  13. Section 5 - The End of an Era Napoleon watched the battle for the Russian city of Smolensk from a chair outside his tent. As fires lit up the walled city, he exclaimed: "It's like Vesuvius erupting. Don't you think this is a beautiful sight?“ "Horrible, Sire," replied an aide. "Bah!" snorted Napoleon. "Remember, gentlemen, what a Roman emperor said: The corpse of an enemy always smells sweet“ In 1812, Napoleon pursued his dream of empire by invading Russia. The campaign began a chain of events that eventually led to his downfall. Napoleon's final defeat brought an end to the era of the French Revolution.

  14. Many Europeans saw Napoleon’s armies as foreign oppressors I. Challenges to Napoleon's Empire Napoleon and his Staff

  15. They resented the Continental System and Napoleon's effort to impose French culture I. Challenges to Napoleon's Empire Napoleon in His Study by Jacques-Louis David, 1812

  16. Throughout Europe, nationalism unleashed revolts against France I. Challenges to Napoleon's Empire

  17. In 1812 the czar of Russia withdrew from the Continental System and Napoleon responded by invading I. Challenges to Napoleon's Empire French in Moscow, 1812 (Artist unknown)

  18. The Russians retreated, burning crops and villages as they went - the "scorched earth" policy I. Challenges to Napoleon's Empire

  19. Napoleon entered Moscow in September, but because he couldn’t supply his army through the winter, began his withdraw in October I. Challenges to Napoleon's Empire Napoleon's retreat from Moscow (Adolph Northern)

  20. In 1813, Napoleon was defeated in the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig. He abdicated and was sent into exile II. Downfall of Napoleon

  21. Louis XVIII returned as king of France, but many remained loyal to Napoleon II. Downfall of Napoleon Louis XVIII, King of France (1814–24)

  22. In March 1815, Louis XVIII fled as Napoleon returned to Paris in triumph II. Downfall of Napoleon

  23. On June 18,1815, the French were defeated at the Battle of Waterloo and Napoleon was again forced into exile II. Downfall of Napoleon

  24. European leaders met at the Congress of Vienna to restore stability and order III. The Congress of Vienna The Great Powers of Europe met at Vienna from September 1, 1814, to June 9, 1815 to settle the future boundaries of the continent

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