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Measurements

1. Measurements. The Metric system was developed in France during the Napoleonic reign of France in the 1790's.

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Measurements

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  1. 1 Measurements The Metric system was developed in France during the Napoleonic reign of France in the 1790's.

  2. “Weights and measures may be ranked among the necessaries of life to every individual of human society…They are necessary to every occupation of human industry.... The knowledge of them, as in established use, is among the first elements of education...” JOHN QUINCY ADAMS - Report to the Congress, 1821

  3. 2 Which other countries, besides the U.S., do not use the metric system? STAT FACT • Only a few small countries (Liberia and Myanmar), including some Caribbean nations heavily influenced by the U.S., have not formally adopted the use of SI. • Among countries not claiming to be metric, the U.S. is the only significant holdout.

  4. 3 • In any measurement system,It… • must be agreed upon and • cannot change Ex: The foot.

  5. 4 Le Systeme Internationale d’Unites (SI) • 1960- SI system • Based on Metric System

  6. 5 Standards • In a measurement system there are exact quantitiesthat people agree to use for a certain measurement. • Ex: The meter • The speed that light travels in a vacuum 1/299 792 458 of a second. • Why...This seems CRAZY!!! • The meter Clip

  7. 6 Another Example of a Standard …..The kilogram The official kilogram, made of platinum-iridium, remains in France at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures Clip

  8. 7 Le Systeme Internationale d’Unites (SI) • English: International System of Units • Each measurement has a base unit.

  9. 8 SI System Based on multiples of ten. Examples of base units • Length • Meter • Mass • Gram • Volume • Liter • Time • Second • Temperature -Kelvin • Energy -Joule • Electric Current -Ampere

  10. 9 Base Units • EX: • 1 Liter= 1000ml • 1 gram = 1000mg • 1meter= 1000mm

  11. Prefixes are used with the base units to indicate what multiple or fraction of ten should be used. 10 Prefixes Multiple of BU Fraction of BU King Henry Died Drinking Choc. Milk Kilo- Hecto- Deca- BU Deci- Centi- Milli- k h D d c m BASE UNIT 0.1 0.01 0.001 1000x 100x 10x • Meter • Liter • Gram • Watt • Newton • Second • Joule Based on Multiples of TEN

  12. Metric Conversions • A conversion is changing the way you state the same amount! • Ex: 1 dollar • 4 quarters, 100 pennies, 10 dimes • 1meter = 100centimeters • Simply move your decimal point.

  13. 13 Laboratory Apparatuses for making Measurements

  14. LENGTH 14 Distance

  15. 15 Length Distance Meter Stick • 1m = 100 Centimeters • 1m = 1000 millimeters 1cm = 10 mm Each line on the meter stick is a millimeter.

  16. 16 Meter Stick The last digit in all measurements is an estimate digit.

  17. MASS 17 Amount of matter in an object

  18. 18 Triple Beam BalanceGrams 300 +70 +3.31 =373.32g

  19. VOLUME 19 Space occupied by an Object

  20. 20 Length x Height x Width =Volume

  21. 21 Graduated Cylinder Volume • Space an object occupies

  22. 22

  23. 23

  24. TEMPERATURE 26 12 Kinetic Energy

  25. 27 TemperatureFahrenheit vs. Celsius vs. Kelvin Absolute Temperature scale Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) 1742, Anders Celsius (1701-1744) 1714:Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) Absolute Zero: temperature at which all matter stops moving. Superfridge Video Clip

  26. 28

  27. Practice: Temperature Conversion: 1) 250 Kelvin to ºCelsius 2) 339 Kelvin to ºCelsius 3) 17º Celsius to Fahrenheit 4) 55º Celsius to Fahrenheit 5) 89.5º Fahrenheit to Celsius 6) 383º Kelvin to Fahrenheit

  28. Temperature Conversion Answers   1) -23 ºC             2) 66 ºC             3)            4)              5) 31.9 ºC                    6) 230 ºF

  29. Starter: • How many ml are in 1 kl? • If I have 3475.8 L, how many ml do I have? • What is a standard? • What are some units for volume? (give 2) • What is an independent variable? • What is mass? • Marsha has three 2-L sodas. How many ml does she have total? If there are six people at dinner, how many ml can they each have (and it be equal amounts)??

  30. 29.1 Mass per unit Volume DENSITY

  31. 29.2 Density • Density: Amount of matter in a specific volume. These 2 cubes have the same VOLUME, but they have different densities. Why?

  32. Density practice problem • Which cylinder has the greatest density? • So, if I had the same amount of each cylinder (1 ml), which one would have a greater mass?? Vol: 5 ml Mass: 10g Vol: 25 ml Mass: 15 ml Density = 1.7 g/ml Density = 2 g/ml

  33. 30 Derived Units Obtained by combining different units. Ex: Density Density is the amount of mass per unit volume. D = m/v

  34. 31 TYPES OF DATAQuantitative vs. Qualitative • If the data collected involve observations without measurements or numbers, then it is referred to as qualitative data. • Quantitative data involves numbers or measurements.

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