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Compare and Contrast Classification Definition

Compare and Contrast Classification Definition. Compare and Contrast Essays. Purpose. Look at similarities and differences Could look just at similarities Could look just at differences Test questions Ask to compare (specifically for similarities)

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Compare and Contrast Classification Definition

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  1. Compare and ContrastClassificationDefinition

  2. Compare and Contrast Essays

  3. Purpose • Look at similarities and differences • Could look just at similarities • Could look just at differences • Test questions • Ask to compare (specifically for similarities) • Ask to contrast (specifically for difference) • Compare and/or contrast

  4. Prewrite Identify the two topics Generate ideas for similarities and differences

  5. Prewriting—Clustering • Cluster • Use two clusters for each subject and pull out similarities and differences At Highlands At Highlands Restaurant Restaurant Olive Garden Cheddar’s Variety of Food Italian Food

  6. Prewrite—Brainstorm Similarities • Restaurants • Similar clientele • Have bars • Hours of operation Cheddar’s • Tropical Theme • Variety of food • Inexpensive • At Highlands • Differences • Theme • Food • Prices Colums for Each Subject Olive Garden Italian theme Italian food Expensive At Highlands Columns for Similarities and Differences

  7. Prewrite—Venn Diagram Cheddars Olive Garden Restaurants Highlands Similar Clientele Bar Area & Main seating area Similar hours of operation Tropical Theme/design Food variety, homecooking Inexpensive Little to no changes in menu Italian/Tuscany theme Italian food Expensive Changing menu items (seasonal)

  8. Organization—Point-by-Point • Alternates b/t 2 subjects, going back and forth from one subject to another • Apply a point to one subject, then apply point to next subjectrepeat • Discuss points in same order for both subjects • Use when points are complex

  9. Organization—Point by Point • Introduction • Body • Point 1 • Subj. A • Subj. B • Point 2 • Subj. A • Subj. B • Point 3 • Subj. A • Subj. B • Conclusion • Introduction • Body • Point 1—Subject A • Point 1—Subject B • Point 2—Subject A • Point 2—Subject B • Point 3—Subject A • Point 4—Subject B • Conclusion

  10. Why Use Point-by-Point? Gives a direct comparison on each point Easier for audience to see the similarities or differences What instructors usually prefer

  11. Point-by-Point in Sample Essay • Support Paragraph 1 • Point: morning routines • Boys (with specific details) • Girls (with specific details) • Support Paragraph 2 • Point: school day experiences • Boys (with details) • Girls (with details) • Support Paragraph 3 • Point: lunch experiences • Boys (with details) • Girls (with details) • Support Paragraph 4 • Point: after school activities • Boys (with details) • Girls (with details)

  12. Organization: Subject-by-Subject • Treat two subjects separately • First half of body—Subject A • Second half of body—Subject B • May want to include point-by-point paragraph in last body paragraph • Tie in all points about both subjects • Side-by-side comparison of points between subjects

  13. Organization: Subject-by-Subject Simple subject-by-subject gives audience a list. Audience must keep track of side by side comparison Writer provides side-by-side comparison • Introduction • Body • Subject A points • Subject A points • Subject B points • Subject B points • Conclusion • Introduction • Body • Subject A points • Subject A points • Subject B points • Subject B points • Point-by-point comparative summary of points for A and B • Conclusion

  14. Coherency: Logical Order • Points for point-by-point and subject-by-subject • Least important comparative point to most important point about subjects • Discuss each point in same order for both subjects • Compare and contrast can be persuasive writing • Might not want to end on a positive note about the subject you do not favor

  15. Coherency: Transitions • B/t points about subjects in point-by-point paragraph • In TS of body paragraph to move points along • Types: • One word (similarly, instead) • Phrase (on the other hand, in comparison) • Sentence (incorporate words from previous ideas) • Use words appropriate to whether you are comparing or contrasting • Page 217

  16. Thesis Statement • Mention both subjects of comparison • Mention whether you will compare or contrast or both • Could mention specific points • For example: Olive Garden and Cheddar’s are similar in the clientele they attract and the quality of employees, but they differ in terms of their menu and cost. • Subjects? • Compare or contrast? • What points to support?

  17. Writing and After… • Outlines help with first drafts • Keep organized • Visual queue that writer pertains each point to each subject and keeps in order • Revision • Read essay and keep side by side list to check points • Make big changes • Edit for mistakes

  18. Checking Your Points

  19. Classification Essays

  20. Purpose • Given a topic into which you break down into parts/categories • Within categories are specifics… • Vehicles • Personal • Cars—Honda Civic • SUVs—Jeep Liberty • Industrial • Semi-trucks • Mass transit • Bus • Subway • School transit

  21. When to Use • Used when asked to identify components, kinds, types, categories, parts of a whole • Examples: • Psych: child development theories • Science: parts of a cell, of the body • HVAC: parts of a heater • Culinary: types of nutrients

  22. Organize and Develop Main Idea • Prewrite ideas and group specifics into clear and distinct categories • Draft a thesis • Identify main topic • Identify the categories OR an overall point about the main topic

  23. Structure—Reflect Logical Order • Introduction • Body • Support Paragraph 1: first major category • Explain characteristics of this category with specific examples • Support paragraph 2: second major category • Explanation w/examples • Support paragraph 3: third major category • Explanation w/examples • Conclusion • Introduction • Body • Support Paragraph 1: minor category(ies) • Explain w/examples • Support Paragraph 2: first MAJOR category • Explain w/examples • Support Paragraph 3: most important category • Explain w/examples • Conclusion

  24. Sample Essay (224) • Thesis? • Category 1: cars with names of places • Park Avenue, Malibu, Sebring, Daytona • Category 2: cars with rough, tough, or dangerous names • Wrangler, Rodeo; Cadillac, Pontiac • Category 3: cars that imply exploration, discovery • LaSalle; Blazer, Explorer, Pathfinder

  25. Review • Divide a topic into distinct categories • Organize based on groups or from minor to major categories (logical order) • Main idea: give overall idea or list of categories • Write, revise, edit

  26. Definition Essays

  27. Purpose • More than a one-sentence, formal definition • Formal definition: the term, class term belongs to, and explanation of what makes that term unique • Provide extended definition

  28. Purpose • Use one or various patterns of development • Narrative • Exemplification • Cause/effect • Etc. • Use for complex or abstract terms and ideas

  29. Prewriting Suggestions • Use focused freewriting • Use group brainstorming (talk to people!)

  30. Thesis • Considering ideas, what overall impression has writer developed? • Complex to define? • Goes beyond formal definition? • Presents dominant impression? • Shows how something occurred?

  31. Thesis • Include: • What term you are defining • Main points for each paragraph (divided thesis) OR an overall theme

  32. Structure • Introduction • Body • Definition by narration • Definition by cause and effect • Definition by exemplification • Conclusion • Introduction • Body • Definition by example • Additional example(s) • Most important example(s) • Conclusion Various Patterns of Development One Pattern of Development

  33. Coherency • Generally, follow logical order (save strongest paragraph for last) • Within paragraph patterns, follow order commonly used for each pattern • i.e., time order for definition by narration • i.e., spatial order for definition by description • i.e., logical order for definition by argument

  34. Coherency—Transitions • Words and phrases w/in paragraphs to move supporting sentences along • Phrases w/in topic sentences to move major points along in an essay • Use repetitive language or refer to previous concepts to tie ideas together

  35. Sample Essay (230) • Thesis? Divided or overall message? • Support paragraph one • Pattern: Compare/contrast point-by-point (non-street smart versus street smart person) • Support paragraph two • Pattern: Compare/contrast subject-by-subject • Support paragraph three • Pattern: exemplification

  36. Journal • Identify similarities and differences between two jobs that you have held. • What types of courses will be most useful for your major? • What does it mean to be “successful”? Pick one topic and spend about 20 minutes writing about it. Check your work.

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